Turks of the Dodecanese

The Turks of the Dodecanese (Turkish: On İki Ada Türkleri) are a community of ethnic Turks and Cretan Muslims living on the Dodecanese islands of Rhodes (Turkish: Rodos) and Kos (Turkish: İstanköy). The Turkish population on the island was not affected by the 1923 population exchange, because the Dodecanese islands were under the rule of the Kingdom of Italy at the time. All inhabitants of the islands became Greek citizens after 1947 when the islands became part of Greece. Their population is estimated at less than 5,000 individuals.[2]

Suleymaniye Mosque in Rhodes

Defterdar Mosque in Kos

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As a result of this incorporation into Greece and due to the situation following the Cyprus conflict and the Turkish invasion of Cyprus in 1974 many Muslim Turks were expelled from the islands and forced to settle in Turkey.[3][4]

The Turks in Kos are partly organized around the Muslim Association of Kos, which gives the figure 2,000 for the population they bring together and represent for the Greek island.[5] Those in Rhodes are organized around the Moslem Association of Rhodes, which gives the figure 3,500 for the population they bring together and represent for the island.[6] The president of their association Mazlum Payzanoğlu estimates the number in Rhodes as 2500 and in Kos as 2000.[7]