Diederik Korteweg

Diederik Johannes Korteweg (31 March 1848 – 10 May 1941[2]) was a Dutch mathematician. He is now best remembered for his work on the Korteweg–de Vries equation, together with Gustav de Vries.[3]

Diederik Korteweg
Diederik Johannes Korteweg
Born(1848-03-31)31 March 1848
Den Bosch
Died10 May 1941(1941-05-10) (aged 93)
Amsterdam
NationalityDutch
Alma materUniversity of Amsterdam
Known forKorteweg–de Vries equation, Moens–Korteweg equation[1]
Scientific career
FieldsMathematics
InstitutionsUniversity of Amsterdam
Doctoral advisorJohannes Diderik van der Waals
Doctoral studentsJ. A. Barrau
L. E. J. Brouwer
Gustav de Vries
Gerrit Mannoury
Julius Wolff
Willem Wythoff

Early life and education

Diederik Korteweg's father was a judge in 's-Hertogenbosch, Netherlands. Korteweg received his schooling there, studying at a special academy which prepared students for a military career. However, he decided against a military career and, making the first of his changes of direction, he began his studies at the Polytechnical School of Delft. Korteweg originally intended to become an engineer but, although he maintained an interest in mechanics and other applications of mathematics throughout his life, his love of mathematics made him change direction for the second time when he was not enjoying the technical courses at Delft. He decided to terminate his course and pull out of his studies so that he could concentrate on mathematics. He then enrolled in mathematics and mechanics courses qualifying him to become a high school teacher.

In 1878, Korteweg received a Ph.D. from the University of Amsterdam.[4] His dissertation was titled On the Propagation of Waves in Elastic Tubes. He was the first Ph.D. recipient from that University after it received authority to grant the doctorate.[5]

In 1881, Korteweg joined the University of Amsterdam as Professor of Mathematics, Mechanics and Astronomy. While there he published a notable paper in Philosophical Magazine titled "On the Change of Form of Long Waves . . ". He stepped down as a professor in 1918.[6]

Some of his famous students were Gustav de Vries, Gerrit Mannoury and Luitzen Egbertus Jan Brouwer.

Honors and societies

Korteweg was a member of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences[7] for 60 years.[8] He was a member of the Dutch Mathematical Society for 75 years. He was editor of Nieuw Archief voor Wiskunde from 1897 to his death in 1941.[5]

An experiment conducted aboard the International Space Station in 2003 (Miscible Fluids in Microgravity) was mounted to prove one of Korteweg's theories.[9]

The asteroid 9685 Korteweg and the Korteweg-de Vries Institute for Mathematics are named after him.

See also

References
  1. Gosling, R.G.; Budge, M.M. (2003), "Terminology for Describing the Elastic Behavior of Arteries", Hypertension, 41 (6): 1180–1182, CiteSeerX 10.1.1.542.5166, doi:10.1161/01.HYP.0000072271.36866.2A, PMID 12756217
  2. "Korteweg and de Vries". kdvi.uva.nl. 2 September 2020.
  3. "Korteweg summary". Archived from the original on 2010-07-16. Retrieved 2009-09-07.
  4. Korteweg defended his dissertation on 12 July 1878. website accessed 7 Sept. 2009
  5. staff.science
  6. W. van der Woude & H.J.E. Beth. "Levensbericht D.J. Korteweg" (PDF). Jaarboek KNAW, 1945-1946: 194–208.
  7. "Scientists of the Dutch School". Archived from the original on November 24, 2010.
  8. "Diederik Johannes Korteweg (1848 - 1941)". Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 17 July 2015.
  9. "Space Station Ingenuity". Archived from the original on 2010-03-25. Retrieved 2017-07-12. NASA website, accessed 7 Sept. 2009

Further reading
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