Desoto Tiger

Desoto Tiger was a Seminole from a Creek-speaking camp near Indiantown, Florida, and the son of Cow Creek chief Tommy Tiger.[1] In December 1911, Tiger was taking a bundle of ninety otter hides[2] trapped by himself and others to market at a trading post, when he gave a ride in his canoe to John Ashley. On December 29, 1911, a dredging crew working near Lake Okeechobee discovered Tiger's body. Ashley had been seen travelling with Tiger by Tiger's uncle, Jimmy Gopher, so a group of Seminole pursued Ashley to Miami, but were too late to find him. They did, however, find the furs with unmistakable Seminole markings at Girtman Brothers fur traders in Miami, who related that they had purchased the bundle of otterskins from John Ashley for $1200.[3][4] The Palm Beach County commissioners voted to offer a reward for the apprehension of Tiger's murderer, and asked then governor Albert W. Gilchrist to fund the reward,[5] which was done in the amount of $150 on January 15, 1912.[6] This was Ashley's first crime, and launched a career of misdeeds that earned him the name King of the Everglades.

The first trial of John Ashley, despite overwhelming evidence, failed to result in a conviction and a second trial was scheduled. Ashley escaped and ran free for some period of time before US Commissioner of Indian Affairs Cato Sells sent federal agents to assist in the search. After a subsequent arrest by Federal Special Officer Thomas E. Brents on April 27, 1914, Ashley faced trial again, but escaped (he had been allowed to move about without restraint)[7] until Brents again captured him on February 24, 1915.[8] In his second trial in 1915, John Ashley was sentenced to hang for the murder of Desoto Tiger, but that conviction was overturned by the Florida Supreme Court.[9] Ashley repeatedly escaped from various local jails and eluded law enforcement until he was gunned down at the Sebastian river bridge at Roseland.[10] Although he was frequently incarcerated for other crimes, Ashley never served any time for the murder of Desoto Tiger.[11] The story is told in the 1973 movie Little Laura and Big John, with Desoto Tiger portrayed by Ross Kananga.

Desoto Tiger is the grandfather of Louise Gopher, the first Seminole woman to receive a bachelor's degree (from Florida Atlantic University) in 1970, and named one of the 100 most influential Floridians by the Palm Beach Post.[12]

References
  1. Kleinberg, Elliot (7 March 2016). "South Florida's most wily gangster: John Ashley". Palm Beach Post. Retrieved 23 May 2016.
  2. Procyk, Richard. "The Ashley Gang and Frontier Justice". Jupiter, Florida. Retrieved 23 May 2016.
  3. Burnett, Gene M. Florida's Past: People and Events That Shaped the State. Vol. 3. Sarasota: Pineapple Press Inc, 1996. (pg. 85-89) ISBN 1-56164-115-4
  4. Moran, Mark, Charlie Carlson and Mark Sceurman. Weird Florida: Your Travel Guide to Florida's Local Legends and Best Kept Secrets. New York: Sterling Publishing Company, 2009. (pg. 101-104) ISBN 1-4027-6684-X
  5. "Indian Murder Launches Criminal Career". Seminole Tribe of Florida. Retrieved 23 May 2016.
  6. Report of the Secretary of State of the State of Florida for the period beginning January 1, 1911 and ending December 31, 1912. State of Florida.
  7. "Indian River Lagoon early 1900s - The Dreaded Ashley Gang". Archived from the original on 3 March 2016. Retrieved 23 May 2016.
  8. Annual Report of the Department of the Interior, 1916. US Department of the Interior. p. 51.
  9. Cole, Stephanie; Ring, Natalie J. The Folly of Jim Crow: Rethinking the Segregated South. A & M University Press. p. 64.
  10. Kleinberg, Eliot. Palm Beach Past: The Best of "Post Time". Charleston, South Carolina: The History Press, 2006. (pg. 72) ISBN 1-59629-115-X
  11. "A Desperado on the Florida frontier". 9 October 2007. Retrieved 23 May 2016.
  12. Blackburn, Doug (11 December 2014). "FSU honors Seminole legend Louise Gopher". Tallahassee Democrat. Retrieved 23 May 2016.

Further reading
  • Stuart, Hix Cook. The Notorious Ashley Gang: A Saga of the King and Queen of the Everglades. Stuart, Florida: St. Lucie Printing Co., 1928.
  • Williams, Ada Coats. Florida's Ashley Gang. Port Salerno, Florida: Florida Classics Library, 1996.
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