Cyprinodon nevadensis

• Cyprinodon nevadensis nevadensis, the Saratoga Springs pupfish, is the nominate subspecies. It was originally limited to Saratoga Springs in Death Valley National Park. A population was introduced at Lake Tuendae in Zzyzx, California, but it may not have survived there.[4]
• Cyprinodon nevadensis amargosae, the Amargosa River pupfish or Amargosa Pupfish, was originally endemic to two sections of the lower Amargosa River. In 1940, a population was introduced at River Springs in Mono County, California.[4]

Likely subspp. amargosae: taken May 2014 in Amargosa River Canyon, downstream from Tecopa Triangle and upstream from waterfalls above confluence with Willow Creek. The second fish from the left in the photograph is male, as indicated by the blue coloration, shown here particularly in his dorsal stripe

• Cyprinodon nevadensis mionectes, the Ash Meadows pupfish or Ash Meadows Amargosa pupfish, is listed as endangered under the Endangered Species Act. It is limited to Ash Meadows National Wildlife Refuge in Nevada.[5]
• Cyprinodon nevadensis pectoralis, the Warm Springs pupfish, is also listed as endangered under the ESA. It is restricted to six springs near Devils Hole in Nevada.[6]
• Cyprinodon nevadensis shoshone, the Shoshone pupfish, is listed as a Species of Concern by the United States Fish and Wildlife Service.[7] The fish is limited to Shoshone Spring, near the town of Shoshone, California, and possibly parts of the Amargosa River.[4]
• †Cyprinodon nevadensis calidae, the Tecopa pupfish, was declared extinct in 1981, and was the first taxon to be removed from the endangered species list due to extinction.[8]

The book Relicts of a Beautiful Sea by Christopher Norment is an exploration of the history of, and present challenges, faced by this group of fish taxa.

National Park Service interpretive signage at Salt Creek, Death Valley National Park.