Criminal Investigation Department (India)

A Crime Investigation Department (CID) is a branch of the state police departments of India responsible for the investigation of crime, based on the Criminal Investigation Departments of British police forces.

Formation and organization

The first CID was created by the British Government in 1902, based on the recommendations of the Indian Police Commission, chaired by Andrew Fraser.[1] At the entrance of the CID office at Gokhale Marg, Lucknow, there is a portrait of Rai Bahadur Pandit Shambhu Nath, King's Police Medalist (KPM) "Father of Indian CID".[2][3] In 1929, the CID was split into Special Branch, CID and the Crime Branch (CB-CID).

Some states use different names for their CID units, despite the fact that many states use the term "Criminal Investigation Department. In Andhra Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, and , the CID is known as the Crime Investigation Department. In Assam, Bihar, Haryana, Uttar Pradesh, Rajasthan, West Bengal, Maharashtra, Karnataka and Jammu and Kashmir, it is known as the Criminal Investigation Department. In Delhi and Kerala, the CID is referred to as the Crime Branch, and in Tamil Nadu, it is known as the Crime Branch-Criminal Investigation Department (CB-CID).[4][5] In Punjab, the Criminal Investigation Department (CID) is known as the Punjab Bureau of Investigation (PBI or BoI).[6][7]


The Criminal Investigation Department (CID) is headed by an officer of the rank of Additional Director General of Police. The CID or Crime Branch has its own ranks up to the level of Additional Director General of Police, just as its counterparts in the law and order police. Senior officers in the Crime Branch include superintendents, deputy superintendents, inspectors, and sub-inspectors. In general, officers and men assigned to this wing prefix "detective" before their regular police rank.[8]

CID branches

A CID may have several branches from state to state. These branches include:[9]

Crime Branch CID

CB-CID is a special wing in a CID headed by the Additional Director General of Police (ADGP) and assisted by the Inspector General of Police (IGP). This branch investigates serious crimes including murder, riot, forgery, counterfeiting and cases entrusted to CB-CID by the state government or the High Court.[10]

Based on Mumbai's branch, a television series CID aired on Sony TV with a successful run of 20 years.

See also

References
  1. "Report of the Indian Police Commission, 1902-03". INDIAN CULTURE. Retrieved 17 May 2022.
  2. "CBCID" (PDF). TN police. Archived from the original (pdf) on 11 October 2011. Retrieved 27 May 2013.
  3. "CID - History". Maharashtra CID. Retrieved 27 May 2013.
  4. "Official Website of Kerala Police - Crime Branch". keralapolice.gov.in. Retrieved 3 May 2023.
  5. "CID, Crime Branch". odishapolicecidcb.gov.in. Retrieved 3 May 2023.
  6. "Separate cadre for Punjab Bureau of Investigation". The Times of India. 31 July 2016. ISSN 0971-8257. Retrieved 3 May 2023.
  7. "Explained: What is the Punjab Bureau of Investigation?". The Indian Express. 31 July 2019. Retrieved 3 May 2023.
  8. "About Us | CID, Crime Branch". odishapolicecidcb.gov.in. Retrieved 3 May 2023.
  9. "CID COMPOSITION". Sikkim police. Retrieved 27 May 2013.
  10. "Crime Branch CID". Kerala police. Archived from the original on 4 April 2013. Retrieved 27 May 2013.
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