Cleisostoma simondii

Cleisostoma simondii is a flowering plant that grows upon larger trees, and known in Hong Kong as (Chinese:蜘蛛蘭). It also occurs in the Himalayas (Nepal, Bhutan, India, Assam), Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar, Thailand, Vietnam, and other parts of China (Fujian, Guangdong, Hainan, Yunnan).[1][3]

Cleisostoma simondii
1822 illustration from
Botanical Register
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Monocots
Order: Asparagales
Family: Orchidaceae
Subfamily: Epidendroideae
Genus: Cleisostoma
Species:
C. simondii
Binomial name
Cleisostoma simondii
(Gagnep.) Seidenf. (1975)
Synonyms[1][2]
  • Vanda simondii Gagnep. (1951) (Basionym)
  • Vanda teretifolia Lindl. Coll. Bot.: t. 6 (1821), not Cleisostoma teretifolium Teijsm. & Binn. (1864)
  • Sarcanthus teretifolius (Lindl.) Lindl. (1833)
  • Sarcanthus siamensis Rolfe ex Downie (1925)
  • Luisia acutilabris Guillaumin (1960)
  • Cleisostoma seidenfadenii Garay (1972)
  • Cleisostoma teres Garay (1972)
  • Cleisostoma acutilabris (Guillaumin) Aver. (1988)
  • Echioglossum simondii (Gagnep.) Szlach. (1995)
  • Echioglossum seidenfadenii (Garay) Szlach. (1995)

Etymology

The name "Cleisostoma" derives from the Greek words kleistos, meaning "closed" and "stoma" meaning "mouth".[4]

Description

Cleisostoma simondii grows to a length of 30–40 centimetres (12–16 in) or more, with numerous aerial roots that grow out of the stems. This hardy orchid grows thin, stem-like jointed leaves 10–28 centimetres (3.9–11.0 in) long that are fleshy, terete, linear year round, with the whole plant colors ranging from green to dark green under humid, low light conditions, to red to purple under drier more sunlit conditions. The flowers buds develop in late September, blooming long-lasting flowers from October to early November, on a spike up to 10–15 centimetres (3.9–5.9 in) long, composed from one to eleven flowers, averaging six to seven flowers, with each flower averaging 1.5 cm (15mm) in diameter.[3] [5][6][7]

Varieties

Two varieties are recognized:[1]

  • Cleisostoma simondii var. guangdongense Z.H.Tsi - Fujian, S Guangdong, Hainan
  • Cleisostoma simondii var. simondii - Yunnan, Himalayas (Nepal, Bhutan, India, Assam), Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar, Thailand, Vietnam
  • Cleisostoma simondii Orchid Flowers up close.
    Cleisostoma simondii Orchid Flowers up close.
  • Cleisostoma simondii Orchid flowering.
    Cleisostoma simondii Orchid flowering.
  • Cleisostoma simondii Orchids growing wild in a massive Clonal colony in Hong Kong, China.
    Cleisostoma simondii Orchids growing wild in a massive Clonal colony in Hong Kong, China.
  • A group of wild Cleisostoma simondii Orchids flowering in a tree branch in Hong Kong.
    A group of wild Cleisostoma simondii Orchids flowering in a tree branch in Hong Kong.

References
  1. Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families, Cleisostoma simondii
  2. Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families, Cleisostoma simondii var. simondii
  3. Flora of China, v 25 p 463, 毛柱隔距兰 mao zhu ge ju lan, Cleisostoma simondii
  4. "Flasks of Cleisostoma schneiderii 'Harbinger #2' × self".
  5. "Cleisostoma simondii var. Guangdongense 廣東隔距蘭（柱葉隔距蘭）".
  6. "Iospe Photos".
  7. "Exotic Bulbophyllum / Cleisostoma / Cleisostoma simondii".
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