Churachandpur district

Churachandpur District[1] (Meitei pronunciation: /tʃʊraːˌtʃaːnɗpʊr/), is one of the 16 districts of the Indian state of Manipur populated mainly by Kuki-Zomi people.[6] The name honours former Maharaja Churachand Singh of Manipur. The district headquarters is located in the town of Churachandpur, which is also locally known by the name Lamka.

Churachandpur district [1]
District
Location of Churachandpur district in Manipur
Location of Churachandpur district in Manipur
Coordinates: 24°20′N 93°41′E
Country India
StateManipur
HeadquartersChurachandpur[2]
Area
 • Total4,750 km2 (1,830 sq mi)
Elevation
(District headquarters)
914.4 m (3,000.0 ft)
Population
 (2011)[3]
 • Total300,000+
 • Density59/km2 (150/sq mi)
 • Percent of state
9.97%[3]
Literacy (2001)
 • Literacy Rate84.29%[3] (Rank 2/9)
 • Literacy by gender
  • Male 88.34%[3]
  • Female 80.13%[3]
Language(s)
 • OfficialMeitei (Manipuri)[lower-alpha 1][4]
 • RegionalKuki-Chin-Mizo
Time zoneUTC+5:30 (IST)
PIN
795128,[5] 795006
Telephone code03874
Vehicle registrationMN 02
Sex ratio969 females per 1000 males[3]
Websitechurachandpur.nic.in

The Churachandpur district first came into being as the South-West Area hill subdivision of Manipur in 1919.[7] It soon acquired the name "Churachandpur subdivision" based on its headquarters at Songpi, which was also called "Churachandpur". After the independence of India, it remained one of the eight subdivisions of Manipur.[8] A "New Churachandpur" town was built at the present location to serve as its headquarters. In 1969, the subdivision was upgraded to a district, initially called "Manipur South" and later "Churachandpur district".[9] In 2016, the western part of the district consisting of the Tipaimukh and Thanlon subdivisions has been made a separate district called Pherzawl, and the rump territory remains Churachandpur district.[10]

Geography

As per the 2011 census, the Churachandpur district covered an area of 4,750 square kilometres (1,830 sq mi) at the south-western part of the Manipur state.[11] At that time, the Tipaimukh and Thanlon subdivisions were part of the district, which are now separated into the Pherzawl district.[12] The two districts together form the jurisdiction of the Churachandpur Autonomous District Council (ADC).

Demographics
Historical population
YearPop.±%
1951 44,496—    
1961 66,304+49.0%
1971 100,418+51.5%
1981 134,494+33.9%
1991 176,184+31.0%
2001 227,905+29.4%
2011 274,143+20.3%
2011 Churachandpur district (includes present Pherzawl district)
Source: Census of India[13]

As of the 2011 Census of India, Churachandpur district had a population of 274,143,[14] roughly equal to that of Barbados.[15] This gives it a ranking of 575th in India (out of a total of 640 districts).[14] It has a population density of 60 inhabitants per square kilometre (160/sq mi).[14] Its population growth rate over the decade 2001–2011 was 20.29%.[14] Churachandpur has a sex ratio of 975 females for every 1000 males,[14] and a literacy rate of 84.29%.[14][16] Most of the people who live in the district are Kuki-Zo people.[6]

Christianity is the majority(93%) religion in Churachandpur. Hindu is the second(4%) largest religion. Then there are followers of Islam/Muslim(1%), Sikh, Buddhist, Jain and other religions.[17]

Apart from the majority Kuki-Zomi people, the district is populated by Meities, Nepalese, Biharis, Malwaris, and Punjabis.[18]

Population[19] Percentage

of Total Pop.

All Scheduled Tribes 254,787 92.9%
Kuki-Zo tribes[lower-alpha 2] 238,547 87.0%
Naga tribes[lower-alpha 3] 1,148 1.1%
Old Kuki/Naga[lower-alpha 4] 7,716 2.8%

Census towns

There are three census towns in Churachandpur District:[21]

Villages

Educational facilities

Colleges

Private Colleges

Government High School
  • Rengkai Government Higher Secondary School[27]

Private Universities

Health

District Hospital Churachandpur is located within Churachandpur town. Initially, it was a dispensary with few staffs and in the year 1968, it became a 50 bedded Civil Hospital which was inaugurated by Shri Baleswar Prasad, Chief Commissioner of Manipur on 8 June 1968. The hospital was extended with another 50 bedded new building inaugurated on 17 May 1985 by the Medical Minister Shri T. Phungzathang Tonsing and became a 100 bedded one. The present Building OPD block was inaugurated on 31 May 2002, O.T wing on 23 December 2013, and the Trauma Centre on 19 July 2014 by the Hon’ble Chief Minister in presence of the Health Minister and the Industries Minister. The Government of Manipur approved upgrading the hospital to a 200 bedded ward and started the process of making it a Hill Medical College under the leadership of Hon’ble Medical Minister.[28]

Economy
Khuga Dam in 2006[29]

In 2006, the Ministry of Panchayati Raj named Churachandpur one of the country's most impoverished districts (out of a total of 640).[30] It is one of the three districts in Manipur currently receiving funds from the Backward Regions Grant Fund (BRGF).[30]

Climate

The location is north of Tropic of Cancer in northern hemisphere, it has summer season in March, April and May with warm, hot and sunny weather. Rainy season starts April and last till October. The winter season is cool and dry.

Climate data for Churachandpur[31]
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun July Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
High °C 27 28 36 36 34 39 37 39 38 34 32 28
Low °C 7 4 14 18 21 22 24 25 22 19 16 8

Transportation

Airport

Nearest airport from Churachandpur is Imphal Airport at Imphal which is about 60 Km. However, during the 2023 Manipur violence, Imphal Airport was considered dangerous for some, and so the alternative route out was a 380 km, 14-hour drive to Aizawl.[32]

Media

The major private television channels/cables are Angels Vision Digital Cable, Hornbill Cable Network, TC Network and Tullou TV.

Government, Politics and Administration

Administration is carried out by the Deputy Commissioners or District Magistrates with support of the District level officer and Block Development officers. The district collector office is located at Tuibong/Tuibuang Town.

The administrative setup of Churachandpur District.[33]

  1. Sub Divisions & Blocks
  2. Autonomous District Councils
  3. Towns
  4. Police Stations
  5. Assembly Constituencies

Autonomous district council

At the district level, there is the Churachandpur Autonomous District Council created by "The Manipur (Hill Areas) District Council Act, 1971,” passed by the Parliament of India. The Autonomous District Council is to administer areas which have been given autonomy within the states under Manipur (Hill Areas) District Councils Act, 1971. In accordance with this Act, the Autonomous (Hill) District Council is empowered to maintain and manage of property: movable and immovable, and institutions under their jurisdiction.[34] Churachandpur Autonomous District Council has 24 constituencies.[35]

Notes
  1. Meitei language (officially known as Manipuri language) is the official language of Manipur. Other regional languages of different places in Manipur may either be predominantly spoken or not in their respective places but "Meitei" is officially used.
  2. The Kuki-Zo tribes include Gangte, Hmar, Paite, Simte, Sukte, Thadou, Vaiphei, Zou, and some smaller tribes designated as "Any Kuki" and "Any Lushai (Mizo)".
  3. The Naga tribes include Angami, Kabui, Kacha Naga, Mao, Maram, Poumai, Sema and Tangkhul.
  4. The Old Kuki tribes retaining the Kuki classification include: Aimol, Chiru, Kom, Koireng, Kharam, and Ralte. The tribes under the Naga umbrella include: Anal, Chothe, Koirao, Lamkang, Maring, Moyon, Monsang, Purum and Tarao.[20]

References
  1. "History". Churachandpur District administration, Government of Manipur, India. Retrieved 7 February 2020.
  2. "About District". Churachandpur District administration, Government of Manipur, India. Retrieved 7 February 2020.
  3. "Census of India: Provisional Population Totals and Data Products – Census 2011: Manipur". Office of the Registrar General and Census Commissioner, Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India. 2011. Archived from the original on 7 October 2011.
  4. "Report of the Commissioner for linguistic minorities: 47th report (July 2008 to June 2010)" (PDF). Commissioner for Linguistic Minorities, Ministry of Minority Affairs, Government of India. p. 78. Archived from the original (PDF) on 13 May 2012. Retrieved 16 February 2012.
  5. "Pin Code: 795128, List of Post Offices, Churachandpur, Manipur". pincode.net.in.
  6. "Amid fresh clashes in Manipur, ITLF leaders to meet Amit Shah". The Hindu. 6 August 2023.
  7. Chishti, Political Development in Manipur (2005), p. 45.
  8. Manipur Administrative Atlas (2005), p. 12.
  9. Manipur Administrative Atlas (2005), pp. 17–22.
  10. Khelen Thokchom, More districts in Manipur, The Telegraph (Kolkata), 9 December 2016. ProQuest 2290178396
  11. Churachadpur District Census Handbook (2011), p. 19.
  12. Khelen Thokchom, More districts in Manipur, The Telegraph (Kolkata), 9 December 2016. ProQuest 2290178396
  13. "A-2 Decadal Variation In Population Since 1901". Censusindia.gov.in. Archived from the original on 1 July 2014.
  14. "District Census 2011". Census2011.co.in. 2011. Retrieved 30 September 2011.
  15. US Directorate of Intelligence. "Country Comparison: Population". Archived from the original on 13 June 2007. Retrieved 1 October 2011. Barbados 286,705 July 2011 est.
  16. "Churachandpur Pin Code list, Population density, literacy rate and total Area with census 2011 details".
  17. "Churachandpur District Religion Data - Hindu/Muslim". www.census2011.co.in. Retrieved 30 September 2023.
  18. "Demography | Churachandpur District, Government of Manipur | India". Retrieved 30 September 2023.
  19. A-11 Appendix: District wise scheduled tribe population (Appendix), Manipur - 2011, Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, Government of India, 2011
  20. Kom, Ch. Sekholal (June 2015). "Ethno-nationalism: Competing Micro-nationalist Dissents in Manipur". Social Change. 45 (2): 289–307. doi:10.1177/0049085715574192. ISSN 0049-0857.
  21. "Towns | Churachandpur District, Government of Manipur | India".
  22. "Rayburn College – Learn | Labor | Serve". Retrieved 7 February 2020.
  23. https://ect.edu.in/
  24. https://www.trinitycollegeandseminary.org/
  25. "SBC - Independent Church of India".
  26. "GBC | Teach, Entrust & Witness". Grace Bible College | Teach, Entrust & Witness. Retrieved 7 February 2020.
  27. "RENGKAI GOVT. HR. SEC SCHOOL - Rengkai, District Churachandpur (Manipur)".
  28. "Scheme for Strengthening of Drug De-Addiction Services". www.dtc-scheme.in. Retrieved 6 February 2018.
  29. "Khuga Dam | Churachandpur District, Government of Manipur | India".
  30. Ministry of Panchayati Raj (8 September 2009). "A Note on the Backward Regions Grant Fund Programme" (PDF). National Institute of Plural Development. Archived from the original (PDF) on 5 April 2012. Retrieved 27 September 2011.
  31. "Weather". accuweather.com. Archived from the original on 7 February 2020.
  32. "Manipur: Murders and mayhem tearing apart an Indian state". BBC News. 12 July 2023. Retrieved 16 July 2023.
  33. "administrative set-up of the district". Churachandpur District Administration. Archived from the original on 7 February 2020.
  34. Comprehensive details (2015), Sec. Administration of Hill Areas (Tribal areas).
  35. Comprehensive details (2015), Sec. ADC constituencies of Churachandpur.

Bibliography

Further reading
  • The history and land-holding behind Manipur South District with Special Reference to the Haokip Reserved Land- 1907, T.S Letkhosei Haokip (Manipur University).
  • Chinkhopau (1995) Churachandpur District, Churachandpur: Published by Author.
  • District Statistical Handbook – Churachandpur: District Statistical Officer.
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