Chauncey H. Cooke

Chauncey Hibbard Cooke (May 15, 1846 – May 11, 1919) was a United States Army soldier from Buffalo County, Wisconsin who fought in the American Civil War.[4] After the war ended, he worked as a schoolteacher, teaching former slaves in Texas.

Chauncey H. Cooke
Birth nameChauncey Hibbard Cooke
Born(1846-05-15)May 15, 1846[1]
Columbus, Ohio, U.S.[2]
DiedMay 11, 1919(1919-05-11) (aged 72)
Mondovi, Wisconsin, U.S.[3]
Buried
Buffalo County, Wisconsin, U.S.
Allegiance United States
Service/branch U.S. Army (Union Army)
Years of serviceAugust 1862 – May 15, 1865
Rank Private
Unit Company G, 25th Wisconsin Volunteer Infantry Regiment
Battles/warsIndian Wars (1862)
American Civil War (1862–1865)
Spouse(s)
Sarah Eliza Caves
​
(m. 1882)​
RelationsSamuel S. Cooke (son), Carl Hibbard Cooke, Rodney Cooke (son), Samuel Shattuck Cooke (father), Loduskey Gardner (mother)
Other workFreedmen's schoolteacher, farmer, Buffalo County commission member, Grand Army of the Republic commander

Early life and education

Cooke was born in Columbus, Ohio in May 1846; he had three brothers and a sister. He visited Winchester, Indiana in 1856 and grew up in Buffalo County, Wisconsin. While growing up in Wisconsin, he lived amicably near Native Americans, and both he and his father had a favorable opinion of them.

Career

American Civil War

In August 1862, Cooke joined the U.S. Army with the 25th Wisconsin Volunteer Infantry Regiment. He was 16 years old and thus underage at the time, but was this was not noticed by his superiors. He joined the U.S. Army as both he and his father were abolitionists who were opposed to slavery. Upon joining the army, Cooke's father reminded of him of why he was fighting for the United States, saying to him, "Don't forget that there are four million slaves whose hope of liberty is at stake in this war."[5]

However, after he joined the army, his unit was sent to Minnesota to fight Sioux Native Americans. Cooke disliked this for two reasons, first as he had joined the army to fight against the Confederacy and its cause of slavery, and second because he had a favorable opinion of Native Americans and felt that they were being treated unfairly by the U.S. government.[6] The unit's mission in Minnesota ended without major combat in November 1862, as the reason for its deployment had been resolved. The unit was then sent to Illinois and arrived there in February 1863. Afterwards, they then headed to Kentucky.

Contact with slaves

While in Kentucky, Cooke met with many slaves that had been freed by the U.S. Army, and was impressed by their demeanor. He was especially impressed by freed slaves he had met that were from Louisiana and could speak multiple languages. Meeting these slaves strengthened Cooke's dislike of slavery, as he felt that these slaves, some of whom were more intelligent than he was, should not be enslaved.[7]

Cooke stated that his primary reason for fighting for the U.S. in the war was to free the slaves,[8] stating that "I have no heart in this war if the slaves cannot go free."[9][10][11]

Contact with Confederates

During the war, Cooke came across Confederate prisoners that had been captured by the U.S. Army. He would often ask them why they were waging a war against the United States, to which they consistently replied that they were fighting against the U.S. so that the Confederacy's women would be prevented from marrying slaves, which the Confederates constantly referred to as "niggers".[12][13][14] Disapproving of the Confederates' use of racist language and their staunchly pro-slavery views, Cooke referred to them as "Poor ignorant devils".

Discharge

Cooke fell ill and was discharged from the army on May 15, 1865. He was proud of his service in the U.S. Army and what U.S. victory in the war had achieved in ending slavery.

Later life and death

After the war, Cooke returned to Buffalo County and in 1870 was living with his parents, three brothers, and a sister in his father's hotel in Alma, Wisconsin, the county seat of Buffalo County. Cooke attended Eau Claire Seminary, which became the University of Wisconsin–La Crosse. He then taught briefly as a teacher in Wisconsin. Cooke's commitment to helping the slaves did not end with the end of slavery, he lived for several years in Texas, teaching and educating former slaves. Afterwards, he returned to Buffalo County, Wisconsin and lived as a farmer there.[15]

Cooke served as a member of the Buffalo County commission and was commander of his local Grand Army of the Republic. He worked, farming in Dover Township and farmed until a few years before his death.

Cooke died in May 1919. On the day of his funeral, the businesses in his town agreed to close for two hours. His gravestone lists him as a friend to African Americans and Native Americans alike and notes that he fought in the army to preserve the U.S. and free the slaves.

Personal life

Cooke married Sarah Eliza Caves on September 27, 1882; she died in 1933. They had three sons, Samuel S. Cooke, Carl Hibbard Cooke and Rodney Cooke, who became an army lieutenant and died during World War I.

References
  1. Mulligan Jr., William H. (October 2008). "Cooke, Chauncey H." American National Biography Online. Oxford University Press. Archived from the original on March 31, 2016. Retrieved March 30, 2016.
  2. Mulligan, William H. Jr.; Cooke, Chauncey Herbert (2007). A Badger Boy in Blue: The Civil War Letters of Chauncey H. Cooke. Detroit, Michigan: Wayne State University Press. p. 1. ISBN 978-0-8143-3343-3. Retrieved March 29, 2016.
  3. Mulligan, William H. Jr.; Cooke, Chauncey Herbert (2007). A Badger Boy in Blue: The Civil War Letters of Chauncey H. Cooke. Detroit, Michigan: Wayne State University Press. p. 2. ISBN 978-0-8143-3343-3. Retrieved March 29, 2016.
  4. Kuhl, Michelle (March 22, 2009). "Chauncey H. Cooke and William H. Mulligan, Jr., comp. A Badger Boy in Blue: The Civil War Letters of Chauncey H. Cooke. (Book review)". Michigan Historical Review. Michigan. Archived from the original on March 31, 2016. Retrieved March 30, 2016.
  5. "Obituary". Mondavi Herald. Wisconsin. May 16, 1919. Archived from the original on March 31, 2016. Retrieved March 30, 2016.
  6. Mulligan, William H. Jr.; Cooke, Chauncey Herbert (2007). A Badger Boy in Blue: The Civil War Letters of Chauncey H. Cooke. Detroit, Michigan: Wayne State University Press. p. 12. ISBN 978-0-8143-3343-3. Retrieved March 29, 2016.
  7. Mulligan, William H. Jr.; Cooke, Chauncey Herbert (2007). A Badger Boy in Blue: The Civil War Letters of Chauncey H. Cooke. Detroit, Michigan: Wayne State University Press. p. 57. ISBN 978-0-8143-3343-3. Retrieved March 29, 2016.
  8. Mulligan, William H. Jr.; Cooke, Chauncey Herbert (2007). A Badger Boy in Blue: The Civil War Letters of Chauncey H. Cooke. Detroit, Michigan: Wayne State University Press. p. 31. ISBN 978-0-8143-3343-3. Retrieved March 29, 2016.
  9. Cannon, Carl M. (2004). The Pursuit of Happiness in Times of War. Lanham, Maryland: The Rowman & Littlefield Publishing Group, Inc. pp. 293–294. ISBN 978-0-7425-2592-4. Retrieved April 1, 2016.
  10. Cooke, Chauncey Herbert (1919). "Soldier Boy's Letters to His Father and Mother, 1862–1865" (PDF). Mondovi: The Mondovi Herald. Archived from the original (PDF) on March 10, 2016. Retrieved March 9, 2016.
  11. McPherson, James M. (1997). For Cause and Comrades: Why Men Fought in the Civil War. New York City, New York: Oxford University Press, Inc. p. 117. ISBN 0-19-509-023-3. OCLC 34912692. Retrieved March 30, 2016.
  12. Mulligan, William H. Jr.; Cooke, Chauncey Herbert (2007). A Badger Boy in Blue: The Civil War Letters of Chauncey H. Cooke. Detroit, Michigan: Wayne State University Press. p. 86. ISBN 978-0-8143-3343-3. Retrieved March 29, 2016.
  13. Mulligan, William H. Jr.; Cooke, Chauncey Herbert (2007). A Badger Boy in Blue: The Civil War Letters of Chauncey H. Cooke. Detroit, Michigan: Wayne State University Press. p. 99. ISBN 978-0-8143-3343-3. Retrieved March 29, 2016.
  14. Mulligan, William H. Jr.; Cooke, Chauncey Herbert (2007). A Badger Boy in Blue: The Civil War Letters of Chauncey H. Cooke. Detroit, Michigan: Wayne State University Press. p. 113. ISBN 978-0-8143-3343-3. Retrieved March 29, 2016.
  15. Mulligan, William H. Jr.; Cooke, Chauncey Herbert (2007). A Badger Boy in Blue: The Civil War Letters of Chauncey H. Cooke. Detroit, Michigan: Wayne State University Press. p. ix. ISBN 978-0-8143-3343-3. Retrieved March 29, 2016.

Further reading
  • William De Loss Love, Wisconsin in the War of the Rebellion (1866).
  • E. B. Quiner, The Military History of Wisconsin (1866).
  • Henry Casson, "Uncle Jerry": The Life of General Jeremiah M. Rusk: Stage Driver, Farmer, Soldier, Legislator, Governor, Cabinet Officer (1895).
  • Warren W. Cooke, A Frontiersman in Northwestern Wisconsin (1940)
  • James I. Clarke, The Civil War of Private Cooke: A Wisconsin Boy in the Union Army (1955).
  • Margaret Brobst Roth, ed., Well, Mary: Civil War Letters of a Wisconsin Volunteer (1960).

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