Charlotte County, New Brunswick

Charlotte County (2016 population 25,428[1]) is the southwest-most county of New Brunswick, Canada.

Charlotte County
Comté de Charlotte
County
County courthouse and jail
County courthouse and jail
Location within New Brunswick
Location within New Brunswick
Coordinates: 45°10′N 66°50′W
CountryCanada
ProvinceNew Brunswick
Established1785
Named forCharlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitz
Area
[1]
 • Land3,426.97 km2 (1,323.16 sq mi)
Population
 (2016)[1]
 • Total25,428
 • Density7.4/km2 (19/sq mi)
 • Pop 2011-2016
Decrease 4.2%
 • Dwellings
13,513
Time zoneUTC−04:00 (AST)
 • Summer (DST)UTC−03:00 (ADT)
Area code506

It was formed in 1784 when New Brunswick was partitioned from Nova Scotia[2] and named for Queen Charlotte.[3] Once a layer of local government, the county seat was abolished with the New Brunswick Equal Opportunity program in 1966. Counties continue to be used as census subdivisions by Statistics Canada.

Located in the southwestern corner of the province, bordering the US state of Maine, Charlotte County is at the northern end of the Appalachian Mountains, which gives it a rugged terrain that includes Mount Pleasant. The St. Croix, Magaguadavic, and Digdegaush rivers drain into the Bay of Fundy. The county includes the large, populated islands of Grand Manan, White Head, Deer Island, and Campobello.

Eighteen per cent of the workforce is employed in aquaculture. Connors Bros., the largest sardine canning facility in North America, is located in Blacks Harbour. Cooke Aquaculture is an Atlantic salmon farming company, founded and headquartered in St. George. A paper mill, operated by JD Irving, is in Utopia, and Flakeboard Co. Ltd. operates outside of St. Stephen. Ganong Bros., Canada's oldest chocolate company, maintains its factory in St. Stephen.

Governance is in the form of New Brunswick municipalities in the case of the towns of St. Andrews, St. George, and St. Stephen, the villages of Grand Manan and Blacks Harbour, and the rural community of Campobello Island. The remaining parts of the county are administered as local service districts of the Southwest New Brunswick Regional Service Commission, except Clarendon, which is part of RSC 11 in neighbouring Sunbury County.

Demographics
Historical Census Data - Charlotte County, New Brunswick
YearPop.±%
1991 26,607—    
1996 27,335+2.7%
2001 27,366+0.1%
2006 26,898−1.7%
2011 26,549−1.3%
2016 25,428−4.2%
[4][5][1]

As a census division in the 2021 Census of Population conducted by Statistics Canada, Charlotte County had a population of 26,015 living in 11,560 of its 13,449 total private dwellings, a change of 2.3% from its 2016 population of 25,428. With a land area of 3,418.24 km2 (1,319.79 sq mi), it had a population density of 7.6/km2 (19.7/sq mi) in 2021.[6]

Canada census – Charlotte community profile
202120162011
Population26,015 (+2.3% from 2016)25,428 (-4.2% from 2011)26,549 (-1.3% from 2006)
Land area3,418.24 km2 (1,319.79 sq mi)3,426.97 km2 (1,323.16 sq mi)3,424.33 km2 (1,322.14 sq mi)
Population density7.6/km2 (20/sq mi)7.4/km2 (19/sq mi)7.8/km2 (20/sq mi)
Median age49.6 (M: 48.8, F: 50.4)47.9 (M: 47.0, F: 48.8)45.1 (M: 44.0, F: 46.0)
Private dwellings13,449 (total)  11,560 (occupied)13,513 (total)  13,486 (total) 
Median household income$67,500$55,701$48,953
References: 2021[7] 2016[8] 2011[9] earlier[10][11]

Population by census subdivision
Official name Designation Area: km2 (sq mi) 2016 population[8]
St. Stephen Town 13.52 (5.22) 4,415
Grand Manan Village 152.77 (58.98) 2,360
St. Andrews Town 8.35 (3.22) 1,786
St. George Town 16.17 (6.24) 1,517
Saint George Parish 2,141
Pennfield Parish 2,170
Saint Stephen Parish 1,839
Saint David Parish 1,529
Saint James Parish 1,186
Fundy Bay LSD 60.24 1,167
Dennis-Weston LSD 43.94 1,023
Blacks Harbour Village 9.06 (3.50) 894
Campobello Island Rural community 39.67 (15.32) 872
West Isles Parish 797
Lepreau Parish 707
Saint Patrick Parish 689
Saint Croix Parish 657
Dufferin Parish 573
Saint Andrews Parish 553
Western Charlotte part B LSD 28.97 534
Western Charlotte part A LSD 162.3 435
Dumbarton Parish 335
Beaver Harbour LSD 2.25 277
Grand Manan Parish 145
Clarendon Parish 63

Language
Canada Census Mother Tongue - Charlotte County, New Brunswick[4]
Census Total
English
French
English & French
Non-official languages
Year Responses Count Trend Pop % Count Trend Pop % Count Trend Pop % Count Trend Pop %
2016
25,115
 23,850 Decrease 4.9% 94.96% 580 Decrease 5.2% 2.31% 50 Decrease 10.0% 0.21% 570 Increase 12.9% 2.27%
2011
26,185
 25,015 Decrease 2.4% 95.53% 610 Increase 7.0% 2.33% 55 Increase 120.0% 0.21% 505 Increase 26.3% 1.93%
2006
26,620
 25,625 Decrease 1.8% 96.26% 570 Decrease 15.6% 2.14% 25 Decrease 28.6% 0.10% 400 Increase 90.5% 1.50%
2001
27,020
 26,100 Decrease 0.2% 96.59% 675 Increase 23.9% 2.50% 35 Decrease 22.2% 0.13% 210 Decrease 16.0% 0.78%
1996
26,990
 26,150 n/a 96.89% 545 n/a 2.02% 45 n/a 0.17% 250 n/a 0.93%

Infrastructure

Power generation

Hydroelectric dams operate in St. George and St. Stephen at Milltown, though the latter is currently being decommissioned.

Major highways

See also

References
  1. "Census Profile, 2016 Census: Charlotte, County [Census division], New Brunswick". Statistics Canada. Retrieved September 7, 2019.
  2. Slumkoski, Corey (2005). "The Partition of Nova Scotia". The Winslow Papers. Electronic text centre (UNB Libraries). Retrieved May 5, 2020.
  3. "Charlotte County", Place Names of New Brunswick: Where is Home? New Brunswick Communities Past and Present, Provincial Archives of New Brunswick, retrieved August 13, 2023
  4. Statistics Canada: 1996, 2001, 2006, 2011 census
  5. 2011 Statistics Canada Census Profile: Charlotte County, New Brunswick
  6. "Population and dwelling counts: Canada and census divisions". Statistics Canada. February 9, 2022. Retrieved April 3, 2022.
  7. "2021 Community Profiles". 2021 Canadian Census. Statistics Canada. February 4, 2022. Retrieved October 19, 2023.
  8. "2016 Community Profiles". 2016 Canadian Census. Statistics Canada. August 12, 2021. Retrieved September 7, 2019.
  9. "2011 Community Profiles". 2011 Canadian Census. Statistics Canada. March 21, 2019. Retrieved March 26, 2014.
  10. "2006 Community Profiles". 2006 Canadian Census. Statistics Canada. August 20, 2019.
  11. "2001 Community Profiles". 2001 Canadian Census. Statistics Canada. July 18, 2021.
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