Charles Ritchie, 1st Baron Ritchie of Dundee

Ritchie was born at Dundee, Scotland, the third son of William Ritchie, of Rockhill near Broughty Ferry in Forfarshire, head of the firm of William Ritchie & Sons, of London and Dundee, East India merchants, jute spinners and manufacturers. The Ritchie family had long been connected with the town of Dundee. His elder brother James Thomson Ritchie was Lord Mayor of London from 1903 to 1904 and was created a Baronet in 1903 (a title which became extinct on his death). Ritchie was educated at the City of London School, after which he went into the family business.

He married Margaret Ower, daughter of Thomas Ower of Perth, on 7 December 1858.

Caricature of Charles Thomson Ritchie by Carlo Pellegrini.

In 1874 was returned to parliament as Conservative member for the Tower Hamlets. In 1885 he was made secretary to the Admiralty, and from 1886 to 1892 was President of the Local Government Board in Lord Salisbury's second administration, sitting as member for St George in the East. He was responsible for the Local Government Act 1888, instituting county councils; and a large section of the Conservative party always owed him a grudge for having originated the London County Council.[1]

In Lord Salisbury's later ministries, as member for Croydon (1895–1906), he was President of the Board of Trade (1895–1900) and Home Secretary (1900–1902); and when Sir Michael Hicks-Beach retired in August 1902, he became Chancellor of the Exchequer in Balfour's cabinet.[2] In his earlier years he had been a fair-trader and he was strongly opposed to Colonial Secretary Joseph Chamberlain's movement for a preferential tariff, leading to his sacking by Balfour in September 1903.[1] Ritchie's son in law, the Scottish architect Mervyn McCartney, built a country house for Ritchie, Welders House, in the Buckinghamshire village of Jordans.[3]

On 22 December 1905, he was created a peer as Baron Ritchie of Dundee, of Welders in the Parish of Chalfont St Giles in the County of Buckingham.[4] However, he was in ill-health, and died at Biarritz in January 1906. He is buried at Kensal Green Cemetery, London.[5] He was succeeded in the title by his second but only surviving son, Charles.

Ritchie was elected as Rector of the University of Aberdeen in late October 1902,[6] taking up the position the following month, serving for three years until November 1905.

• Ridley, Jane (May 2006) [2004]. "Ritchie, Charles Thomson, first Baron Ritchie of Dundee (1838–1906)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/35762. (subscription or UK public library membership required)

Attribution:

• This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Ritchie, Charles Thomson Ritchie, 1st Baron". Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 23 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 367.

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Charles Thomson Ritchie.

• Hansard 1803–2005: contributions in Parliament by Charles Ritchie
• Portraits of Charles Ritchie at the National Portrait Gallery, London