Cauliflower Alley Club

The Cauliflower Alley Club is a non-profit fraternal organization, which includes a newsletter and website, comprising both retired and active professional wrestlers and boxers in North America.

Cauliflower Alley Club
Formation1965
TypeProfessional wrestling 501(c)(3)
Headquarters13900 CR 455 Suite 107-379 Clermont, Florida, U.S.
President
Brian Blair
Key people
Executive & Advisory Board:
Brian Blair President & CEO
Rich Ingling EVP & Treasurer
Royal Duncan Secretary & "The Ear" Publisher
Ron Hutchison Canadian Director, Reunion Seminar & Website Administrator
Darla Staggs Benevolent Coordinator
Bruce Tharpe Attorney and Legal Counsel
Dan Murphy Vendor Room/Reunion Program Ad Sales & Advisory Board Chair
Vance Nevada "The Ear" Editor
Bob Cook Social Media Administrator
Herb Simmons Benevolent Outreach Ambassador
PublicationThe Ear
Websitehttp://www.caulifloweralleyclub.org/

Established in 1965 by Mike Mazurki and Art Abrams, the organization hosts an annual reunion dinner which has traditionally been attended by celebrities and other professional athletes. Several historical Hollywood locations have been home to the reunion banquets such as the Masquer's Club, the Roosevelt Hotel and the Old Spaghetti Factory as well as The Riviera and the RMS Queen Mary.

History

The Cauliflower Alley Club was founded in 1965 by Mike Mazurki as a fraternal organization of professional wrestlers, boxers, and actors.[1][2] The first annual reunion dinner was held at the Baron's Castle Buffet Restaurant in Los Angeles, California.[2] The Club also presents numerous awards annually at the reunion dinner.

Several prominent former professional wrestlers have been president of the club, including Red Bastien, Nick Bockwinkel, and the current president, Brian Blair.[2][3] The Club has a "benevolent fund which helps people from the wrestling business in a time of need."[2] Proceeds are raised for the fund during the annual reunion weekend.[2]

Awards

2020s

Award Year Recipient(s) Nationality Ref.
Independent Wrestling Award 2023 Riea Von Slasher Canada [4]
Iron Mike Mazurki Award 2021 Alundra Blayze United States [5]
2022 John Bradshaw Layfield United States
2023 CM Punk Chicago [4][6]
Lou Thesz/Art Abrams Lifetime Achievement Award 2021 Rob Van Dam United States [7]
2023 Ron Simmons United States [4]
Men's Wrestling Award 2021 Ricky Santana United States [5]
Thunderbolt Patterson United States [5]
2022 Kevin Sullivan United States
Tommy Rich United States
2023 Joe Malenko United States [4]
Koko B. Ware United States [4]
Women's Wrestling Award 2021 Jazz United States [5]
2022 Jacqueline Moore United States [8]
2023 Mickie James United States [4][9]
Lucha Libre Award 2021 Rey Mysterio United States/Mexico [5]
2022 Konnan Cuba/United States
2023 Damian 666 Mexico [4]
Tag Team Award 2021 The Road Warriors
(Hawk and Animal) with Paul Ellering
United States [5]
2022 Rock 'n' Roll Express
(Ricky Morton and Robert Gibson)
United States
2023 The Nasty Boys
(Brian Knobbs and Jerry Sags)
United States [4]
Rising Star Award 2021 Brian Pillman Jr United States [5]
Maddison Miles England [5]
2022
James C. Melby Historian Award 2021 Greg Oliver Canada [5]
2023 Koji Miyamoto Japan [4]
Posthumous Award 2021 Jim Londos Greece/United States [5]
2022 Christine "Teeny" Jarrett United States
2023 Killer Karl Kox United States [4]
Charlie Smith Referee Award 2021 Art Williams United States [5]
2022 Billy Silverman United States
2023 Kevin Jefferies Canada [4]
President’s Award 2022 Jerry Lawler United States
Courage Award 2022 Joyce Grable United States
REEL Award 2023 Al Burke United States [4]

2010s

(Left to right) Chicano Flame, The Destroyer (front), Mil Mascaras and Nighthawk in Las Vegas at the 2012 Cauliflower Alley Club reunion.
Award Year Recipient(s) Nationality Ref.
Iron Mike Mazurki Award 2010 Ted DiBiase United States [10]
2011 Sgt. Slaughter United States [11]
2012 "Stone Cold" Steve Austin United States [12]
2013 "Russian Bear" Ivan Koloff Quebec [13]
2014 Terry Taylor United States [14]
2015 Larry "The Axe" Hennig United States [15]
2016 Trish Stratus Canada [16]
2017 Tully Blanchard United States [17]
2018 Baron von Raschke United States [18]
2019 Mark Henry United States [19]
Lou Thesz/Art Abrams Lifetime Achievement Award 2010 Dan Severn United States [10]
Jim Ross United States [10]
2011 Rick Martel Quebec [11]
Mick Foley United States [11]
2012 Ricky Steamboat United States [12]
Wendi Richter United States [12]
2013 Bill Moody United States [13]
2014 Michael P.S. Hayes United States [14]
2015 Jerry Brisco United States [15]
2016 Arn Anderson United States [16]
2017 Kevin Von Erich United States [17]
2018 Shawn Michaels United States [20]
2019 Dory Funk Jr. United States [19]
Tony Vellano United States [21]
Men's Wrestling Award 2010 Dean Higuchi United States [10]
Rip Hawk United States [10]
Roger Kirby United States [10]
2011 The Honky Tonk Man United States [11]
Dan Kroffat Canada [11]
Alex Knight United States [11]
2012 Michelle Starr United States [12]
Mike Webster United States [12]
Bill DeMott United States [12]
2013 Jake Roberts United States [13]
Matt Riviera United States [13]
Adam Copeland
(unable to attend in 2011 due to an injury)
Canada [13]
2014 Dan "Short Sleeve" Sampson United States [14]
Adam Pearce United States [14]
Buddha Khan United States [14]
John Cozman United States [14]
2015 Diamond Dallas Page United States [15]
Christopher Daniels United States [15]
Sinn Bodhi Canada [15]
The Almighty Sheik United States [15]
Len Denton United States [15]
2016 Paul Orndorff United States [16]
Ken Patera United States [16]
2017 Kahagas Japan [17]
Cuban Assassin Cuba [17]
2018 Alexis Smirnoff Quebec
Greg Valentine United States [22]
Tony Storm United States [23]
2019 "Dr. D" David Schultz United States [19]
Women's Wrestling Award 2010 Joyce Grable United States [10]
2011 Awesome Kong United States [11]
Darling Dagmar United States
Rockin' Robin United States [11]
2012 Judy Martin United States
"Ivory" Lisa Moretti United States [24]
2013 Molly Holly United States
Sandy Partlow United States [25]
2014 Melissa Anderson United States [14]
Debi Pelletier United States [14]
2015 Beth Phoenix United States [15]
Gail Kim Canada [15]
Lisa Marie Varon United States [15]
Malia Hosaka United States [15]
2017 Gorgeous Ladies of Wrestling United States [17]
2018 Santana Garrett United States [26]
Princess Victoria United States [27]
2019 Bambi United States
Jason Sanderson Humanitarian Award 2010 Yvonne Melcher United States [21]
2012 Al Burke United States [12]
2013 Ken Jugan United States [21]
2014 Sean Dunster United States [21]
2015 Diamond Dallas Page United States [15]
2016 Sue Aitchison United States [16]
Red Bastien Friendship Award 2010 Vince Fahey United States [21]
2011 Darla Taylor Staggs United States [21]
2012 Brian Westcott United States [21]
2014 John Arthur Lowe United States [21]
Lucha Libre Award 2018 Blue Demon Jr. Mexico [28]
Tag Team Award 2015 Demolition
(Bill Eadie and Barry Darsow)
United States [15]
2016 High Flyers
(Greg Gagne and Jim Brunzell)
United States [16]
2018 Harlem Heat
(Booker T and Stevie Ray)
United States [29]
2019 Faces of Fear
(Haku & The Barbarian)
Tonga [19]
Rising Star Award/Future Legend Award 2010 Oliver John United States [10]
2011 Kyle Sebastian Canada [21]
2012 Kyle Matthews United States [12]
2013 Bobby Sharp Canada [21]
2014 Santana Garrett United States [30]
2015 Wes Brisco United States [15]
2018 Kevin Kross United States [31]
James C. Melby Historian Award 2010 Vance Nevada Canada [21]
2011 Tom Burke United States [11]
2013 George Schire United States [21]
2015 Dennis Brent United States [15]
2017 Dave Meltzer United States [17]
2018 Don Luce United States [32]
2019 Mike Rodgers United States [19]
Charlie Smith Referee’s Award 2016 James Beard United States [16]
2017 Bobby Simmons United States [17]
2018 Mickie Henson United States [33]
2019 Scrappy McGowan United States [19]
Posthumous Award 2010 Lee Fields United States [10]
George "Scrap Iron" Gadaski United States [10]
2011 Michel Martel Quebec [11]
2015 Bruiser Brody United States [15]
2018 Roy McClarty Canada [21]
2019 Larry Matysik United States [19]
REEL Award 2010 Magic Schwarz United States [21]
2012 Dan Haggerty United States [21]
2015 Terry Funk United States [15]
2016 Pepper Martin Canada/United States [16]
Golden Ear Award 2010 Tom Andrew United States [21]
2013 David Cantu United States [21]
2014 Jesse Hernandez United States [21]
Manager's Award 2011 Bruno Lauer United States [11]
2015 Jimmy Hart United States [15]
Announcer’s Award 2012 Bill Kersten United States [21]
2016 Lance Russell United States [16]
Family Award 2011 Gilbert Family
(Tommy and sons Doug & Eddie)
United States [11]
2015 Romero Family
(Ricky and sons Jay, Chris & Mark)
United States [15]
Trainer’s Award 2014 Ron Hutchison Canada [21]
International Award 2010 Pat Barrett Republic of Ireland [21]
2011
Husband and Wife Award 2014 Beau James and Misty James United States [21]

2000s

Award Year Recipient(s) Nationality Ref.
Iron Mike Mazurki Award 2000 Ray "Thunder" Stern United States [21]
2001 Stu Hart Canada [34]
2002 Walter "Killer" Kowalski Canada [35]
2003 Maurice "Mad Dog" Vachon Quebec [36]
2004 Bobby "The Brain" Heenan United States [37]
2005 Terry Funk United States [38]
2006 Harley Race United States [39]
2007 Don Leo Jonathan United States/Canada [40]
2008 Bret Hart Canada [41]
2009 Nick Bockwinkel United States [42]
Lou Thesz/Art Abrams Lifetime Achievement Award 2000 Fr. Bill Olivas United States [21]
2001 Ted Lewin United States [21]
2002 Mike Chapman Australia [35]
2003 Angelo Savoldi Italy/United States [36]
2004 Antonio Inoki Japan [37]
Danny Hodge United States [37]
2005 Jack Brisco United States [38]
Les Thatcher United States [38]
2006 Verne Gagne United States [39]
Eddie Sharkey United States [39]
2007 Danny Hodge United States [40]
Bob Geigel United States [40]
2008 Steve Williams United States [41]
Pat Patterson Quebec/United States [41]
2009 Bob Roop United States [42]
Reggie Parks Canada [42]
Men's Wrestling Award 2008 Haruka Eigen Japan [41]
Ronnie Garvin Quebec [41]
The Wrestling Guerreros Mexico/United States [21]
Paul "Butcher" Vachon Quebec [41]
2009 The Cormier Family Canada [5]
Art Crews United States [42]
Akio Sato Japan [42]
Bill Sky United States [21]
Women's Wrestling Award 2008 Betty Niccoli United States [41]
2009 Princess Jasmine United States [42]
Luna Vachon United States/Canada [42]
Red Bastien Friendship Award 2008 Joyce Paustian United States [21]
2009 Shuhei Aoki Japan [21]
Future Legend Award 2000 Kurt Angle United States [21]
2001 Donovan Morgan United States [34]
2002 Chris Benoit Canada/United States [35]
2003 Steve Fender United States [36]
2004 "Cheerleader" Melissa Anderson United States [37]
2005 Frankie Kazarian United States [38]
2006 Mariko Yoshida Japan [39]
2007 Takeshi Morishima Japan [21]
2008 Ricky Landell United States [41]
2009 Trevor Murdoch United States [42]
James C. Melby Historian Award 2008 Scott Teal United States [41]
2009 Stephen Yohe United States [42]
Posthumous Award 2002 Nell Stewart United States [35]
Hercules Cortez Spain [35]
2003 Rhonda Singh Canada [36]
2004 Wild Bull Curry United States [37]
2006 Bobby Shane United States [39]
Vivian Vachon Quebec [39]
2007 Yukon Eric United States [40]
Betty Jo Hawkins United States [40]
2008 Orville Brown United States [41]
2009 George Gordienko Canada [42]
Eddie Sullivan United States [42]
REEL Award 2000 Stan Shaw United States [21]
Tommy "Butch" Bond United States [21]
Joe Don Baker United States [21]
Joe Roselius United States [21]
Marion Ross United States [21]
Robert Forster United States [21]
2001 Roddy Piper Canada [21]
Mimi Lesseos United States [21]
Don Stroud United States [21]
2002 Alan Koss United States [21]
2007 Rock Riddle United States [21]
2009 Scott Schwartz United States [21]
Gulf Coast/CAC Honorees 2000 Sputnik Monroe United States [21]
2001 Corsica Joe France/United States [21]
Sarah Lee United States [21]
2002 The Fields Brothers United States [21]
2003 Bob Roop United States [21]
2004 Don Fargo Germany/United States [21]
2005 "Exotic" Adrian Sweet Wales [21]
2006 Karl Roach United States [21]
Skandar Akbar United States [21]
Martial Arts Honorees 2001 Gokor Chivichyan Armenia/United States [21]
2002 Juan Hernandez United States [21]
2006 Mike Martelle United States [39]
Family Award 2000 The Dusek Brothers Riot Squad
(Emil Dusek, Ernie Dusek, Joe Dusek and Rudy Dusek)
United States [21]
2005 The Ortons
(Barry Orton, Bob Orton and Bob Orton Jr.)
United States [21]
Scholarship Award 2002 Nick Ackerman United States [21]
2007 Frankie Buenafuente United States [21]
Boxing Honorees 2000 Gene Fullmer United States [21]
Eddie Futch United States [21]
Willie Bean United States [21]
Maurice "Dub" Harris United States [21]
Andy Price United States [21]
Russell G. Rodriguez United States [21]
2001 Richard Sandoval United States [21]
Cornelius Boza-Edwards Uganda [21]
Jose Flores United States [21]
Paul Banke United States [21]
Other Honorees:
(2000) Gene Stanlee, The Crusher, Titi Paris, Ethel Brown, Billy Andersen, Natasha the Hatchet Lady, Beverly Shade, Stan Kowalski, Stan Pulaski and Fritz Von Goering.[21]
(2001) Rita Cortez, George Scott, Reggie Parks, Norman Frederick Charles III, Kay Noble, Marie LaVerne, Ann LaVerne, Pampero Firpo, Bill Watts and Jack Laskin.[21]
(2002) Ox Baker, B. Brian Blair, Judy Grable, Maria DeLeon, Mr. Wrestling, Jimmy Valiant and Fray Tormenta.[21]
(2003) Verne Bottoms, Bill Moody (as Percival Pringle III), Tom Andrews, Buddy Colt, Buddy Roberts, Tito Montez, Bruce Swayze, Moose Morowski and Don Leo Jonathan.[21]
(2004) Bill Melby, Billy Darnell, Sandy Parker, "Playboy" Buddy Rose, Ed Wiskoski, Margaret Garcia, George Steele, Baron von Raschke, Ann Casey, Percival Friend, Moondog Ed Moretti, Paul Jones, Lester Welch, Charlie Smith and Omar Atlas.[21]
(2005) Ernie Ladd, Kenny Jay, Danielle Colley, Paul Christy, Miss Bunny Love and Sir Oliver Humperdink.
(2006) Killer Tim Brooks, Scott Casey, Mil Máscaras, Pepper Martin, and Bill White.[16]
(2007) J. J. Dillon, Tito Carreon, Duke Myers, Bob Leonard, Cowboy Bob Kelly, and Laura Martinez.[21]

1999

Other honorees included Ken Patera, Jack Donovan and Bob Geigel.[21]

1998

Other honorees included Danny Hodge, Fred Blassie, Dory Funk, Jr. and Dan Severn[21]

1997

Other honorees included:

1996

Other honorees included:

1995

Other honorees included:

1994

Other honorees included:

1993

Other honorees included Verne Gagne, “Cowboy” Bob Ellis, Kinji Shibuya, Wendi Richter, Barbi Dahl and Peggy Patterson.[21]

1992

Other honorees included Maurice Vachon, Hard Boiled Haggerty, Rey Urbano, Johnny James, Gene Kiniski, Pepper Gomez, Penny Banner, Debbie Combs, Belle Starr, Donna Christantello and Diamond Lil.[21]

Presidents

No. Portrait Name
(Birth–Death)
Term of office Country of origin
Took office Left office
1 Mike Mazurki
(1907–1990)
1965 1990  Austria-Hungary/
 United States
2 Archie Moore
(1913–1998)
1991 1992  United States
3 Lou Thesz
(1916–2002)
1992 2000  United States
4 Red Bastien
(1931-2012)
2001 2007  United States
5 Nick Bockwinkel
(1934-2015)
2007 2014  United States
6 B. Brian Blair
(Born 1957)
2014 Incumbent  United States

See also

References

  1. Oliver, Greg (April 20, 2010). "Unpredictability rules at Cauliflower Alley Club". Slam! Sports. Canadian Online Explorer. Retrieved May 4, 2018.
  2. Smith, Caleb (April 4, 2015). "Cauliflower Alley Club set for a big 50th bash". Slam! Sports. Canadian Online Explorer. Retrieved July 28, 2021.
  3. Johnson, Steven (April 22, 2007). "That's entertainment! CAC banquet ranges from songs to stories to spoofs". Slam! Sports. Canadian Online Explorer. Retrieved May 4, 2018.
  4. "2023 Winners". Cauliflower Alley Club. Retrieved September 5, 2023.
  5. Oliver, Greg (July 16, 2020). "Cauliflower Alley Club cancels 2020 reunion". Slam Wrestling. Retrieved September 27, 2020.
  6. "CM Punk Honored with Coveted 2023 Iron Mike Mazurki Award by Cauliflower Alley Club". www.caulifloweralleyclub.org. 2023-05-28. Retrieved 2023-09-01.
  7. "We are proud to announce the Lou Thesz Lifetime Achievement Award winner, and he is Rob Van Dam! RVD is a former WWE, TNA, and ECW Heavyweight champion, not to mention his training in multiple martial arts disciplines. We look forward to RVD joining us in April and hope you will be too! Congrats RVD!". Cauliflower Alley Club on Facebook. February 7, 2020. Retrieved September 26, 2020.
  8. "Cauliflower Alley Club To Honor Jacqueline Moore". PWInsider.com. 2022-06-06. Retrieved 2022-08-10.
  9. "The CAC Congratulates Mickie James: 2023 Women's Wrestling Honoree". May 28, 2023.
  10. Johnson, Steve (April 22, 2010). "Ross, DiBiase lead parade of honorees at CAC banquet". Slam Wrestling. Retrieved September 27, 2020.
  11. Oliver, Greg (April 20, 2011). "Lifetime honoree Foley captivates at CAC Baloney Blowout". Slam Wrestling. Retrieved September 27, 2020.
  12. Johnson, Steve (April 18, 2012). "Austin, Steamboat delight at Cauliflower Alley Club reunion". Slam Wrestling. Retrieved September 27, 2020.
  13. Oliver, Greg (April 18, 2013). "Jake The Snake turns CAC banquet into a sobering experience". Slam Wrestling. Retrieved September 27, 2020.
  14. Johnson, Steve (June 5, 2014). "'Odd noise' highlights Cauliflower Alley Club awards". Slam Wrestling. Retrieved September 27, 2020.
  15. Johnson, Steve (April 5, 2015). "Many years of hard work pay off for Dennis Brent with CAC's historian award". Slam Wrestling. Retrieved September 27, 2020.
  16. Oliver, Greg (April 14, 2016). "Trish brings Stratusfaction, Orndorffs bring tears to CAC banquet". Slam Wrestling. Retrieved September 27, 2020.
  17. Oliver, Greg (May 4, 2017). "Tully Blanchard main events 52nd Cauliflower Alley Club reunion". Slam Wrestling. Retrieved September 27, 2020.
  18. "Baron von Raschke to be Honored This Year | Cauliflower Alley Club". www.caulifloweralleyclub.org. Archived from the original on 2017-12-22. Retrieved 2018-01-18.
  19. Oliver, Greg (May 2, 2019). "Mark Henry provides laughs and challenges at CAC banquet". Slam Wrestling. Retrieved September 27, 2020.
  20. Lee, Joseph (February 10, 2018). "Shawn Michaels To Be Honored By Cauliflower Alley Club This April". 411Mania. Retrieved September 27, 2020.
  21. "Honorees". Cauliflower Alley Club. Retrieved September 27, 2020.
  22. "Greg Valentine To Receive a 2018 Men's Wrestling Award | Cauliflower Alley Club". www.caulifloweralleyclub.org. Archived from the original on 2017-12-22. Retrieved 2018-01-18.
  23. "Tony Storm To Be Honored in 2018 | Cauliflower Alley Club". www.caulifloweralleyclub.org. Archived from the original on 2017-12-22. Retrieved 2018-01-18.
  24. "Ivory to be Honored at Cauliflower Alley Club Next Year". Diva Dirt. October 6, 2011.
  25. Tomas, Ben (April 29, 2013). "Cauliflower Alley Club Reunion 2013 Part 3". SoCalUNCENSORED.com.
  26. "Santana Garrett Honored for the Second Time | Cauliflower Alley Club". www.caulifloweralleyclub.org. Archived from the original on 2017-12-22. Retrieved 2018-01-18.
  27. "Princess Victoria is a 2018 Honoree | Cauliflower Alley Club". www.caulifloweralleyclub.org. Archived from the original on 2018-02-27. Retrieved 2018-02-23.
  28. "1st Lucha Libre Award to be Presented | Cauliflower Alley Club". www.caulifloweralleyclub.org. Archived from the original on 2017-12-22. Retrieved 2018-01-18.
  29. "Harlem Heat Will Be Honored in Las Vegas | Cauliflower Alley Club". www.caulifloweralleyclub.org. Archived from the original on 2018-08-28. Retrieved 2018-01-18.
  30. Murphy, Dan (June 4, 2014). "Santana Garrett — TNA's Brittany — named CAC Future Legend". Slam Wrestling. Retrieved September 30, 2020.
  31. "Kevin Kross to Receive the 2018 Rising Star Award | Cauliflower Alley Club". www.caulifloweralleyclub.org. Archived from the original on 2018-11-19. Retrieved 2018-01-18.
  32. "Historian Don Luce to be Recognized at the CAC Reunion | Cauliflower Alley Club". www.caulifloweralleyclub.org. Archived from the original on 2017-12-22. Retrieved 2018-01-18.
  33. "Long-time Referee to be Honored in Las Vegas | Cauliflower Alley Club". www.caulifloweralleyclub.org. Archived from the original on 2017-12-22. Retrieved 2018-01-18.
  34. Oliver, Greg (February 11, 2001). "Stu Hart honoured by his peers". Slam Wrestling. Retrieved September 27, 2020.
  35. Oliver, Greg (February 10, 2002). "Kowalski gets top CAC award". Slam Wrestling. Retrieved September 27, 2020.
  36. Oliver, Greg (April 6, 2003). "Mad Dog gets top CAC honour". Slam Wrestling. Retrieved September 27, 2020.
  37. Oliver, Greg (April 18, 2004). "Heenan given CAC's top honor". Slam Wrestling. Retrieved September 27, 2020.
  38. Hemmings, Jamie (April 19, 2005). "Terry Funk honored by his peers at CAC". Slam Wrestling. Retrieved September 27, 2020.
  39. Oliver, Greg (June 11, 2006). "Race & Hennig go over at Cauliflower Alley Club Banquet". Slam Wrestling. Retrieved September 27, 2020.
  40. Nation, Ryan (April 18, 2007). "Don Leo Jonathan earned CAC's top honour". Slam Wrestling. Retrieved September 27, 2020.
  41. Johns, Fred (June 10, 2008). "In awe at my first Cauliflower Alley Club reunion". Slam Wrestling. Retrieved September 27, 2020.
  42. Oliver, Greg (April 16, 2009). "Top CAC award goes to top CAC man Nick Bockwinkel". Slam Wrestling. Retrieved September 27, 2020.

Further reading

  • "Cauliflower Alley Club Lends an Ear to Boxers, Wrestlers". Los Angeles Times.
  • "Cauliflower Alley Club: 'Gentle and Warm People'". The Argus-Press.
  • Historical Dictionary of Wrestling. p. 65.
  • Blassie, Fred and Keith Elliot Greenberg. "Classy" Freddie Blassie: Listen, You Pencil Neck Geeks. New York: Simon and Schuster, 2003. ISBN 0-7434-6316-1
  • Funk, Terry and Scott E. Williams. Terry Funk: The Hardcore Legend. Champaign, Illinois: Sports Publishing LLC, 2005. ISBN 1-58261-991-3
  • LeBelle, Gene. Gene Lebell's Grappling World: The Encyclopedia of Finishing Holds. Champaign, Illinois: Sports Publishing LLC, 2005. ISBN 0-9676543-1-9
  • Loeffler, Carl E. and Darlene Tong. Performance Anthology: Source Book of California Performance Art. San Francisco: Last Gasp Press, 1989. ISBN 0-86719-366-2
  • Meltzer, Dave. Tributes II: Remembering the World's Greatest Wrestlers. Champaign, Illinois: Sports Publishing LLC, 2004. ISBN 1-58261-817-8
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