Caroline Augusta Chandler

Caroline Augusta Chandler (1906–1979[1]) was an American pediatrician and child mental health specialist. Her efforts to recruit more young women into the field of medicine included writing books for young girls about the profession.

Education

Chandler was born in Ford City, Pennsylvania,[2][3] in 1906. She attended Mount Aloysius Academy in Cresson, Pennsylvania,[4][5] followed by Barnard College,[2][4][6] then Yale Medical School[4][6] where she won awards in medical research and pediatrics, graduating as MD cum laude[6] at Yale in 1933.[3] She continued research at Harvard Medical School[2][3][4] on the influenza bacillus responsible for some cases of meningitis,[6] and at Johns Hopkins School of Medicine,[3][4][7] on childhood rheumatic fever and hypertension,[2][8][9] and the use of sulfanilamide in preventing recurring attacks of rheumatic fever.[7][10]

Career

During World War II, Chandler left the laboratory to carry out a special project for the Children's Bureau in Washington, D.C.[2][3][7] She was commissioned Surgeon in the United States Public Health Service,[2][3][4] and certified as a specialist by the American Board of Pediatrics.[11] After the war, she returned to Johns Hopkins as full-time Assistant Professor of Pediatrics. Her research included the use of antibiotics,[12] including their effects in vitro.[13][14]

However, as her interests in community groups and agencies grew, she had to limit her work to part-time. After serving three years as medical director of the Family and Children's Society,[3] she accepted an assignment with the Maryland State Department of Health as a director of the Office of Mental Health and Child Health.[2][3] She resigned from that position because her proposals were being completely blocked or indefinitely delayed.[15] In 1961, Chandler joined the staff at the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH)[2] as chief of Demonstrations Section[4] of the Communities Services Branch. She headed the Child Mental Health Section of the Community Research and Services Branch of the NIMH,[3][4] and, in 1966, was a member of the US Department of Health, Education and Welfare Task Force on Early Childhood Development.[16] During all of these assignments, she remained an assistant professor of pediatrics and preventive medicine, and instructor of mental hygiene, at Johns Hopkins.[2][3][17]

After writing articles about pediatrics, Chandler was approached by the children's editor of a publishing house to write about a woman doctor, for a series of career books for teenage girls.[7] Chandler wrote several books,[18] both fictional and factual, in an effort to recruit more young women into the field of medicine. The characters in her fictional books mirrored Chandler's own life in many respects, although she never married.[7]

Personal life

Chandler lived in Bethesda, Maryland.[4] She died at the Washington Hospital Center, Washington, D.C., on 18 December 1979.[3][4]

Books
  • Susie Stuart, M.D., : a Story of a Young Doctor 1941[2][7]
  • Susie Stuart, Home Front Doctor 1943[2][7]
  • Dr. Kay Winthrop, Intern 1947
  • Famous Men of Medicine 1950[4]
  • Famous Modern Men of Medicine 1965[2][19]
  • Nursing as a Career 1970[2]
  • Early Child Care: The New Perspectives 1968[20]

References
  1. Commrie, Anne (1981). Something about the Author, Volumes 24-26. Gale. p. 72. ISBN 9780810300873. Retrieved 10 February 2019.
  2. "Dr. Caroline Chandler Dies, Mental Health Expert, Author". The Washington Post. 21 December 1979. Retrieved 8 February 2019.
  3. "Dr. Chandler, government health official". The Baltimore Sun. Baltimore, Maryland. 28 December 1979. p. 13. Retrieved 13 February 2019.
  4. "U.S. Health Executive Dies". The Pittsburgh Press. Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. 20 December 1979. p. C16. Retrieved 13 February 2019.
  5. Talbot, Donald G. (2010). Vision and Narrative: How Two Religious Sisters of Mercy Initiated and Managed Organizational Change. Indiana University of Pennsylvania D.Ed. thesis. pp. 7, 216. Retrieved 9 February 2019.
  6. "These Students Aided In Courses By B. & P. W. Funds". Clarion-Ledger. Jackson, Mississippi. 14 March 1937. p. 9. Retrieved 9 February 2019.
  7. Murray, Flora (26 December 1943). "Books Leap From Her Test Tubes". The Baltimore Sun Sunday Magazine. Baltimore, Maryland. p. 2.
  8. "Nemours Gives 9 Fellowships For Research". The News Journal. Wilmington, Delaware. 11 April 1939. p. 6. Retrieved 9 February 2019.
  9. Chandler, Caroline A., Reginald S. Lourie and Anne DeHuff Peters. Early Child Care: The New Perspectives. Edited by Laura J. Dittman. New York: Atherton Press, Inc., 1968.
  10. Stafford, Jane (8 February 1943). "Your Health". The Pittsburgh Press. Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. p. 25. Retrieved 17 February 2019.
  11. "News and Comment". Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine. 67 (3): 241. March 1944. doi:10.1001/archpedi.1944.02020030076010. ISSN 1538-3628.
  12. PODOLSKY, SCOTT H. (July 2010). "Antibiotics and the Social History of the Controlled Clinical Trial, 1950–1970". Journal of the History of Medicine and Allied Sciences. 65 (3): 342. doi:10.1093/jhmas/jrq003. JSTOR 24631939. PMID 20215414. S2CID 32676067.
  13. Chandler, Caroline A.; Janeway, Charles A. (February 1939). "Observations on the Mode of Action of Sulfanilamide in vitro". Experimental Biology and Medicine. 40 (2): 179–184. doi:10.3181/00379727-40-10349. ISSN 1535-3699. S2CID 86658828.
  14. Bliss, Eleanor A.; Chandler, Caroline A. (December 1948). "In vitroStudies of Aureomycin, a New Antibiotic Agent". Experimental Biology and Medicine. 69 (3): 467–472. doi:10.3181/00379727-69-16758. ISSN 1535-3699. PMID 18106660. S2CID 306884.
  15. "Health Aide Quits Post – Mental Program Director Criticizes Superiors". The Baltimore Sun. 3 February 1961. p. 8. Retrieved 17 February 2019.
  16. Costello, Joan; Binstock, Eleanor (August 1970). Review and Summary of a National Survey of the Parent-Child Center Program (PDF). Office of Child Development (DREW), Washington, D.C. p. 1. Retrieved 9 February 2019.
  17. Chandler, Caroline A., Reginald S. Lourie and Anne DeHuff Peters. Early Child Care: The New Perspectives. Edited by Laura J. Dittman. New York: Atherton Press, Inc., 1968
  18. Hoehn, Matthew (1948). Catholic Authors: Contemporary Biographical Sketches, 1930–1947, Volume 1. St. Mary's Abbey. p. 120. Retrieved 17 February 2019.
  19. Reviews of Famous Modern Men of Medicine:
  20. Reviews of Early Child Care:
    • B.H.F. (January 1969). "Reviewed Work: Early Child Care by Caroline A. Chandler, Reginald S. Lourie, Anna De Huff Peters, Laura L. Dittmann". Young Children. 24 (3): 180. JSTOR 42658480.
    • Ross, Ralph A. (July 1969). "EARLY Child Care (Book)". Pediatrics. 44 (1): 153. doi:10.1542/peds.44.1.153. ISSN 0031-4005. S2CID 70368189.
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