Family tree of the British royal family
This is the family tree of the British royal family, from James I (who united the crowns of England and Scotland) to the present monarch, Charles III.
Before James VI and I
- See Family tree of English monarchs, Family tree of Scottish monarchs, and Family tree of Welsh monarchs. This also includes England, Scotland and Wales; all part of the United Kingdom as well as the French Norman invasion.
For a simplified view, see: Family tree of British monarchs.
Key
- : Red borders indicate British monarchs
- : Bold borders indicate legitimate children of British monarchs
House of Stuart
| Scottish House of Stuart / Stewart | Scottish monarchs | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Henry Stuart 1545–1567 | Mary Queen of Scots 1542–1587 | Frederick II King of Denmark 1534–1588 | Henry IV King of France 1553–1610 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| James I[lower-alpha 1] 1566–1625 r. 1567–1625 (Scotland) r. 1603–1625 (England) | Anne of Denmark 1574–1619 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| John IV King of Portugal 1604–1656 | Henry Frederick Prince of Wales 1594–1612 | Elizabeth of Bohemia 1596–1662 | Frederick V Elector Palatine King of Bohemia 1596–1632 | Margaret Stuart 1598–1600 | Charles I 1600–1649 r. 1625–1649 | Henrietta Maria of France 1609–1669 | Robert Stuart Duke of Kintyre and Lorne 1602 | Mary Stuart 1605–1607 | Sophia 1607 | Louis XIII King of France 1601–1643 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| House of Hanover | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Charles Duke of Cornwall 1629 | Charles II 1630–1685 r. 1649–1651 r. 1660–1685 (Scotland) r. 1660–1685 (England) | Catherine of Braganza 1638–1705 | William II, Prince of Orange 1626–1650 | Mary Princess Royal 1631–1660 | Anne Hyde 1637–1671 | James II[lower-alpha 1] 1633–1701 r. 1685–1688 | Mary of Modena 1658–1718 | Elizabeth Stuart 1635–1650 | Anne Stuart 1637–1640 | Henry Stuart Duke of Gloucester 1640–1660 | Henrietta 1644–1670 | Philippe I Duke of Orléans 1640–1701 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| illegitimate children | Frederick III King of Denmark 1609–1670 | House of Orléans | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Charles Stuart Duke of Cambridge 1660–1661 | Mary II 1662–1694 r. 1689–1694 | William III[lower-alpha 1] 1650–1702 r. 1689–1702 | James Stuart Duke of Cambridge 1663–1667 | Anne 1665–1714 r. 1702–1714 | George of Denmark 1653–1708 | Charles Stuart Duke of Kendal 1666–1667 | Edgar Stuart Duke of Cambridge 1667–1671 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| William Duke of Gloucester 1689–1700 | Catherine 1675–1676 | Isabel Stuart 1676–1681 | Charles Stuart Duke of Cambridge 1677 | Elizabeth 1678 | Charlotte 1682 | Maria Clementina Sobieska 1702–1735 | James Francis Edward Stuart Prince of Wales The Old Pretender 1688–1766 | Louisa Maria Stuart 1692–1712 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Louise of Stolberg-Gedern 1752–1824 | Charles Edward Stuart Bonnie Prince Charlie; The Young Pretender 1720–1788 | Henry Benedict Stuart Cardinal Duke of York 1725–1807 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
House of Hanover
| Elizabeth of Bohemia 1596–1662 House of Stuart | Frederick V Elector Palatine King of Bohemia 1596–1632 House of Wittelsbach-Palatinate | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Sophia of Hanover 1630–1714 | Ernest Augustus Elector of Brunswick-Lüneburg 1629–1698 House of Hanover | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Sophia Dorothea of Celle 1666–1726 | George I 1660–1727 r. 1714–1727 | Frederick Augustus 1661–1690 | Maximilian William of Brunswick-Lüneburg 1666–1726 | Sophia Charlotte Queen in Prussia 1668–1705 | Charles Philip of Brunswick-Lüneburg 1669–1690 | Christian Henry of Brunswick-Lüneburg 1671–1703 | Ernest Augustus Duke of York and Albany 1674–1728 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Caroline of Ansbach 1683–1737 | George II 1683–1760 r. 1727–1760 | Sophia Dorothea of Hanover 1687–1757 | Frederick William I King of Prussia 1688–1740 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Augusta of Saxe-Gotha 1719–1772 | Frederick Prince of Wales 1707–1751 | William IV Prince of Orange 1711–1751 | Anne Princess Royal 1709–1759 | Amelia Sophia Eleanor 1711–1786 | Caroline Elizabeth 1713–1757 | George William 1717–1718 | William Augustus Duke of Cumberland 1721–1765 | Mary 1723–1772 | Frederick II Landgrave of Hesse-Kassel 1720–1785 | Louise 1724–1751 | Frederick V King of Denmark 1723–1766 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Augusta Frederica 1737–1813 | Charles William Ferdinand Duke of Brunswick 1735–1806 | George III 1738–1820 r. 1760–1820 | Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitz 1744–1818 | Frederick William II King of Prussia 1744–1797 | Edward Duke of York and Albany 1739–1767 | Elizabeth Caroline 1741–1759 | William Henry Duke of Gloucester and Edinburgh 1743–1805 | Henry Duke of Cumberland and Strathearn 1745–1790 | Louisa 1749–1768 | Frederick 1750–1765 | Caroline Matilda 1751–1775 | Christian VII King of Denmark 1749–1808 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Caroline of Brunswick 1768–1821 | George IV 1762–1830 (regent 1811–1820) r. 1820–1830 | Frederick Duke of York and Albany 1763–1827 | Frederica Charlotte of Prussia 1767–1820 | Adelaide of Saxe-Meiningen 1792–1849 | William IV 1765–1837 r. 1830–1837 | Charlotte Princess Royal 1766–1828 | Frederick I King of Württemberg 1754–1816 | Edward Duke of Kent and Strathearn 1767–1820 | Victoria of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld 1786–1861 | Augusta Sophia 1768–1840 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Elizabeth 1770–1840 | Frederick VI Landgrave of Hesse-Homburg 1769–1829 | Ernest Augustus King of Hanover 1771–1851 | Frederica of Mecklenburg-Strelitz 1778–1841 | Augustus Frederick Duke of Sussex 1773–1843 | Adolphus Duke of Cambridge 1774–1850 | Augusta of Hesse-Kassel 1797–1889 | Mary 1776–1857 | William Frederick Duke of Gloucester and Edinburgh 1776–1834 | Sophia Matilda 1777–1848 | Octavius 1779–1783 | Alfred 1780–1782 | Amelia 1783–1810 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Leopold I King of the Belgians 1790–1865 | Charlotte of Wales 1796–1817 | George V King of Hanover 1819–1878 | Marie of Saxe-Altenburg 1818–1907 | Charlotte of Clarence 1819 | Elizabeth of Clarence 1820–1821 | George Duke of Cambridge 1819–1904 | Augusta of Cambridge 1822–1916 | Frederick William Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Strelitz 1819–1904 | Mary Adelaide of Cambridge 1833–1897 | Francis Duke of Teck 1837–1900 | Victoria 1819–1901 r. 1837–1901 | Albert Prince of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha 1819–1861 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Ernest Augustus Crown Prince of Hanover, Duke of Cumberland and Teviotdale 1845–1923 | Thyra of Denmark 1853–1933 | Frederica of Hanover 1848–1926 | Alphons von Pawel-Rammingen 1843–1932 | Marie of Hanover 1849–1904 | Mary of Teck 1867–1953 | House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha ↓ House of Windsor | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha / House of Windsor
| House of Hanover | Saxe-Coburg and Gotha | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| William I King of Prussia, German Emperor 1797–1888 | Christian IX King of Denmark 1818–1906 | Victoria 1819–1901 r. 1837–1901 | Albert Prince of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha 1819–1861 | Alexander II Emperor of Russia 1855–1881 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Frederick III German Emperor, King of Prussia 1831–1888 | Victoria Princess Royal 1840–1901 | Edward VII 1841–1910 r. 1901–1910 | Alexandra of Denmark 1844–1925 | Louis IV Grand Duke of Hesse 1837–1892 | Alice 1843–1878 | Alfred Duke of Edinburgh/Saxe-Coburg and Gotha 1844–1900 | Maria of Russia 1853–1920 | Helena 1846–1923 | Christian of Schleswig-Holstein 1831–1917 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Wilhelm II German Emperor, King of Prussia 1859–1941 | Alfred of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha 1874–1899 | Marie of Edinburgh 1875–1938 | Ferdinand King of Romania 1865–1927 | Ernest Louis Grand Duke of Hesse 1868–1937 | Victoria Melita of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha 1876–1936 | Kirill Vladimirovich Grand Duke of Russia 1876–1938 | Alexandra of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha 1878–1942 | Ernst II of Hohenlohe-Langenburg 1863–1950 | Beatrice of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha 1884–1966 | Alfonso Duke of Galliera 1886–1975 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Louise 1848–1939 | John Campbell Duke of Argyll 1845–1914 | Arthur Duke of Connaught and Strathearn 1850–1942 | Louise Margaret of Prussia 1860–1917 | Leopold Duke of Albany 1853–1884 | Helena of Waldeck and Pyrmont 1861–1922 | Beatrice 1857–1944 | Henry of Battenberg 1858–1896 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Gustaf VI Adolf King of Sweden 1882–1973 | Margaret of Connaught 1882–1920 | Arthur of Connaught 1883–1938 | Alexander Ramsay 1881–1972 | Patricia of Connaught 1886–1974 | Alice of Albany 1883–1981 | Alexander Cambridge Earl of Athlone 1874–1957 | Charles Edward Duke of Albany/Saxe-Coburg and Gotha 1884–1954 | Victoria Adelaide of Schleswig-Holstein 1885–1970 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Albert Victor Duke of Clarence 1864–1892 | George V 1865–1936 r. 1910–1936 | Mary of Teck 1867–1953 | Louise Princess Royal 1867–1931 | Alexander Duff Duke of Fife 1849–1912 | Victoria 1868–1935 | Maud 1869–1938 | Haakon VII King of Norway 1872–1957 | Alexander John 1871 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Wallis Simpson 1896–1986 | Edward VIII Duke of Windsor 1894–1972 r. 1936 | George VI 1895–1952 r. 1936–1952 | Elizabeth Bowes-Lyon 1900–2002 | Mary Princess Royal 1897–1965 | Henry Lascelles Earl of Harewood 1882–1947 | Henry Duke of Gloucester 1900–1974 | Alice Montagu Douglas Scott 1901–2004 | George Duke of Kent 1902–1942 | Marina of Greece and Denmark 1906–1968 | John 1905–1919 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Philip of Greece and Denmark Duke of Edinburgh 1921–2021 | Elizabeth II 1926–2022 r. 1952–2022 | Margaret 1930–2002 | Antony Armstrong-Jones Earl of Snowdon 1930–2017 | William of Gloucester 1941–1972 | Richard Duke of Gloucester b. 1944 | Birgitte van Deurs b. 1946 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Katharine Worsley b. 1933 | Edward Duke of Kent b. 1935 | Alexandra b. 1936 | Angus Ogilvy 1928–2004 | Michael of Kent b. 1942 | Marie Christine von Reibnitz b. 1945 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Diana Spencer 1961–1997 | Charles III b. 1948 r. 2022–present | Camilla Shand b. 1947 | Mark Phillips b. 1948 | Anne Princess Royal b. 1950 | Timothy Laurence b. 1955 | Andrew Duke of York b. 1960 | Sarah Ferguson b. 1959 | Edward Duke of Edinburgh b. 1964 | Sophie Rhys-Jones b. 1965 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Catherine Middleton b. 1982 | William Prince of Wales b. 1982 (1st in line[lower-alpha 2]) | Harry Duke of Sussex b. 1984 (5th in line[lower-alpha 2]) | Meghan Markle b. 1981 | Beatrice b. 1988 | Eugenie b. 1990 | Louise b. 2003 | James b. 2007 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| George b. 2013 (2nd in line[lower-alpha 2]) | Charlotte b. 2015 (3rd in line[lower-alpha 2]) | Louis b. 2018 (4th in line[lower-alpha 2]) | Archie b. 2019 (6th in line[lower-alpha 2]) | Lilibet b. 2021 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
See also
Notes
- Title as King of England
- The first six people in the line of succession are noted here because they must obtain the Monarch's consent before marrying.[1]
References
- "Succession to the Crown Act 2013, s. 3". legislation.gov.uk.
- "The Tudors (1485–1603) and the Stuarts (1603–1714)" (PDF). The official website of the British Monarchy. Retrieved 2010-07-30.
- "The Hanoverians (1714–1837)" (PDF). The official website of the British Monarchy. Retrieved 2010-07-30.
- "Saxe-Coburg & Gotha (1837–1917) and the Windsors (1917 – Present Day)" (PDF). The official website of the British Monarchy. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2010-12-02. Retrieved 2010-07-30.
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