Roman Catholic Diocese of Chiemsee
The Bishopric of Chiemsee was a Roman Catholic diocese. While based on the islands of the Chiemsee in Bavaria, Germany, most of its territory lay in the County of Tyrol, Austria. The bishopric ceased to be a residential see in 1808. and accordingly is today listed by the Catholic Church as a titular see.[1]
| Bishopric of Chiemsee Bistum Chiemsee | |
| 1216–1808 | |
 Coat of arms | |
| Capital Circle Bench |
Herrenchiemsee Bavarian until ? none |
| Established | 1216 |
| Abolished | 1808 |
Establishment
The Bishopric of Chiemsee was established by the Archbishop of Salzburg, Eberhard II of Regensberg, on the islands of the Chiemsee in 1215. It followed the precedent set by his predecessor Gebhard, who had established the Bishopric of Gurk in 1072. This system of founding quite small suffragan dioceses was to be completed by the setting up of the bishoprics of Seckau in 1218 and Lavant in 1225. It was caused by the fact, that, after a large increase in size, stretching its borders from the Inn river in Bavaria to the Hungarian border, the archdiocese of Salzburg became hard to govern. Both the Holy Roman Emperor and the Pope gave their consent and support to the establishment of the bishopric in 1213.
Structure
All bishops of Chiemsee were selected by the Archbishops, for the bishops were the most important supporters of the archbishops. The bishops usually served as auxiliary bishops or fulfilled other duties for the archbishops. Locally the ruling of the bishopric rested mostly with the archdeacons who, supported by the Dukes of Bavaria, prevented the bishops from residing in the bishopric. Therefore, the Bishops never became prince-bishops of the Empire, unlike most other ecclesiarchs. Thus the bishopric should not be considered as a state of the Holy Roman Empire, but as a territory within the state of the archbishopric. Accordingly, the bishops held a seat in the archbishoprics diet.
At first, the nuns monastery of Frauenchiemsee was to be the seat of the bishopric, but subsequently, the monks monastery church of the nearby Benedictine Abbey of Herrenchiemsee was chosen to be the diocesan cathedral. In fact, the seat of the bishopric was the so-called Chiemseehof in the city of Salzburg. This building nowadays is used by the parliament and the government of the State of Salzburg.
The bishopric was rather small, consisting of 10 parishes when it was created, and finally 11 in 1804, mostly consisting of exclaves in the vicinity of St. Johann in Tirol.
The best known bishop was Berthold Pürstinger (1508 - 1525) who twice used his influence to save innocent people from (the town-councillors in 1511, and the peasants in 1524); after retiring from office became a noted humanist.
Abolition
Together with the secularisation of the archbishopric in 1803, the bishopric also lost its territorial function. In 1808 the diocese was abolished after the last bishop waived his rights. Temporarily under the rule of the Ordinariate of the Bishopric of Freising, the Austrian parts returned to Salzburg and were added to the Bishopric of Brixen in 1817/18, the rest becoming a regular part of the newly renamed Archbishopric of Munich-Freising.
List of Bishops of Chiemsee (1216 - 1808)
| num[2] | Name | Reign | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Rudiger of Bergheim-Radeck[3] | 1216–1233 | |
| 2 | Albert[4] | 1233–1252 | |
| vacant | 1244–1246 | ||
| Albert Suerbeer | 1246–1247 | Administrator; Archbishop of Riga, formerly Archbishop of Armagh | |
| Henry of Bilversheim | 1247–1252 | Administrator | |
| 3 | Henry I[4] | 1252–1266 | |
| 4 | Henry II, Bishop of Chiemsee [4] | 1266–1274 | |
| 5 | John I of Ennstal[3] | 1274–1279 | |
| 6 | Conrad I of Hintberg[4] | 1279–1292 | |
| 7 | Frederick I of Fronau[3] | 1292–1293 | |
| 8 | Albert of Bohnsdorf[4] | 1293–1322 | |
| 9 | Ulrich I of Montpreis[3] | 1322–1330 | |
| 10 | Conrad II of Liechtenstein[3] | 1330–1355 | |
| 11 | Gerhoh of Waldeck[4] | 1356–1359 | |
| 12 | Hugo of Schärfenberg[4] | 1359–1360 | |
| 13 | Lodwig I Raidhofer[3] | 1360–1361 | |
| 14 | Frederick II[4] | 1361–1387 | |
| 15 | George I of Neuberg[4] | 1387–1395 | |
| 16 | Eberhard of Berned[4] | 1395–1399 | |
| 17 | Engelmar kröl[4] | 1399–1420 | |
| 18 | Frederick III Theis of Thesingen[4] | 1421–1429 | Bishop of Lavant |
| 19 | John II Ebser[3] | 1429–1438 | |
| 20 | Sylvester Pflieger[3] | 1438–1453 | |
| 21 | Ulrich II of Plankenfels[3] | 1453–1467 | |
| 22 | Bernard of Kraiburg[4] | 1467–1477 | |
| 23 | George II Altdorfer[4] | 1477–1495 | |
| 24 | Lodwig II Ebmer[3] | 1495–1502 | |
| 25 | Christoph I Mendel of Steinfels|[4] | 1502–1508 | |
| 26 | Berthold Pürstinger[4] | 1508–1525 | |
| 27 | Aegid Rehm | 1525–1536 | |
| 28 | Hieronymus Meittinger[3] | 1536–1557 | |
| 29 | Christoph II Schlattl[4] | 1557–1589 | |
| 30 | Sebastian Cattaneus[3] | 1589–1609 | |
| 31 | Ernfried of Khünburg[4] | 1610–1619 | |
| 32 | Nicholas of Wolkenstein[3] | 1619–1624 | |
| 33 | Christopher III John of Liechtenstein[4] | 1624–1643 | |
| 34 | Francis Vigil of Spaur[3] | 1644–1670 | |
| 35 | Franz of Preysing[4] | 1670–1687 | |
| 36 | Sigmund Ignatz of Wolkenstein[3] | 1687–1696 | |
| 37 | Sigmund Carl of Castel-Barco[3] | 1696–1708 | |
| 38 | John Sigmund Grag of Khünburg[3] | 1708–1711 | Bishop of Lavant |
| 39 | Franz Adolph of Wagensberg[3] | 1712–1723 | Bishop of Seckau |
| 40 | Carl Joseph of Khünburg[4] | 1724–1729 | Bishop of Seckau |
| 41 | Joseph Francis Valerian of Arco[3] | 1730–1746 | |
| 42 | Franz Carl of Friedberg and Trauchburg[4] | 1746–1772 | |
| 43 | Ferdinand Christoph of Zeil and Trauchburg[4] | 1772–1786 | |
| 44 | Franz Xavier of Breuner[3] | 1786–1797 | |
| 45 | Sigmund Christoph of Zeil und Trauchburg[3] | 1797–1805 | Archbishop of Salzburg |
| vacant | 1805–1808 | ||
Notes
- Segreteria di Stato Vaticano 2013, p. 868.
- Deutinger 1850, pp. 236–237.
- Deutinger 1850, p. 237.
- Deutinger 1850, p. 236.
References
- Deutinger, Martin (1850), Beiträge zu geschichte...des erzbisthums Münschen und Freysing, Lindaner, pp. 236–237
- Segreteria di Stato Vaticano (2013), Annuario Pontificio 2013, Vatican City: Libreria editrice vaticana, p. 868, ISBN 978-88-209-9070-1
External links
- Diocese of Chiemsee at catholic-hierarchy.org
- Titular Episcopal See of Chiemsee at gcatholic.org
- Article about the Bishopric of Chiemsee at Historisches Lexikon Bayerns (German)