Bis(triphenylphosphine)rhodium carbonyl chloride

Bis(triphenylphosphine)rhodium carbonyl chloride is the organorhodium complex with the formula [RhCl(CO)(PPh3)2]. This complex of rhodium(I) is a bright yellow, air-stable solid. It is the Rh analogue of Vaska's complex, the corresponding iridium complex. With regards to its structure, the complex is square planar with mutually trans triphenylphosphine (PPh3) ligands. The complex is a versatile homogeneous catalyst.[1]

Bis(triphenylphosphine)rhodium carbonyl chloride
Names
Other names
Bis(triphenylphosphine)rhodium(I) carbonyl chloride
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
EC Number
  • 237-712-8
UNII
  • Cl[Rh-2]([P+](c0ccccc0)(c0ccccc0)c0ccccc0)([P+](c0ccccc0)(c0ccccc0)c0ccccc0)=C=O
Properties
RhCl(CO)[P(C6H5)3]2
Molar mass 690.94
Appearance yellow solid
Hazards
GHS labelling:
GHS07: Exclamation mark
Warning
H302, H312, H315, H319, H332
P261, P264, P270, P271, P273, P280, P301+P312, P302+P352, P304+P312, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P312, P321, P322, P330, P332+P313, P337+P313, P362, P363, P403+P233, P405, P501
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
Infobox references

Synthesis and reactions

Bis(triphenylphosphine)rhodium carbonyl chloride was originally prepared by treating Rh2Cl2(CO)4 with triphenylphosphine.[2] However, it is typically produced by the carbonylation of Wilkinson's catalyst:[3]

RhCl[P(C6H5)3]3 + CO → RhCl(CO)[P(C6H5)3]2 + P(C6H5)3

In homogeneous catalysis, this conversion is typically an undesirable side-reaction since [RhCl(CO)(PPh3)2] is a poor hydrogenation catalyst.

Bis(triphenylphosphine)rhodium carbonyl chloride is the precursor to tris(triphenylphosphine)rhodium carbonyl hydride, an important catalyst for hydroformylation.

RhCl(CO)[P(C6H5)3]2 + NaBH4 + P(C6H5)3 → RhH(CO)[P(C6H5)3]3 + NaCl + BH3

References
  1. Kikukawa, Kiyoshi; Westcott, Stephen A.; Croatt, Mitchell P.; Williams, Travis J.; Wender, Paul A.; Li, Yiming; Jiang, Xuefeng (2015). "Carbonyl(chloro)bis(triphenylphosphine)rhodium(I)". e-EROS Encyclopedia of Reagents for Organic Synthesis. pp. 1–22. doi:10.1002/047084289X.rc021.pub3. ISBN 978-0-470-84289-8.
  2. Vallarino, L. (1957). "Carbonyl Complexes of Rhodium. I. Complexes with Triarylphosphines, Triarylarsines, and Triarylstibines". Journal of the Chemical Society: 2287–92. doi:10.1039/jr9570002287.
  3. D. Evans; J. A. Osborn; G. Wilkinson (2007). "Trans -Carbonylchlorobis(Triphenyl-Phosphine)Rhodium and Related Complexes". trans‐Carbonylchlorobis(Triphenylphosphine)Rhodium and Related Complexes. Inorganic Syntheses. Vol. 28. pp. 79–80. doi:10.1002/9780470132593.ch18. ISBN 978-0-470-13259-3.
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