Bandicoot papillomatosis carcinomatosis virus

Bandicoot papillomatosis carcinomatosis virus is a circular double-stranded DNA virus isolated from bandicoots (Perameles bougainville). The genome has features similar to viruses in the families Papillomaviridae and the Polyomaviridae. Two species have been described to date.[1]

Bandicoot papillomatosis carcinomatosis virus
Virus classification
Group:
Group I (dsDNA)
Species

Bandicoot papillomatosis carcinomatosis virus 1
Bandicoot papillomatosis carcinomatosis virus 2

Genome

The genome is ~7.5 kilobases in length with a G+C content of ~35%. Two structural genes are present: L1 and L2. The non structural genes are found on the opposite strand. The L1 gene encodes a protein with 506 residues and the L2 encodes a protein with 470 residues. The two non structural genes T (742 amino acid residues) and t (224 amino acid residues). The structural proteins resemble those of the papillomaviruses while the T and t antigens resemble those of the polyomaviruses.

Evolution

These viruses evolved via a recombination event between a papillomavirus and a polyomavirus between 10 million years ago and 50 million years ago.[2]

Clinical

These viruses were isolated from and are thought to cause a progressively debilitating cutaneous and mucocutaneous papillomatosis and carcinomatosis syndrome.[3] The lesions that occur in this disease are irregular thickenings and masses over the skin of the digits, body, pouch, and mucocutaneous junctions of the lips and conjunctiva. Cases have been described in both captive and wild individuals.

References
  1. Bennett MD, Woolford L, Stevens H, Van Ranst M, Oldfield T, Slaven M, O'Hara AJ, Warren KS, Nicholls PK (2008) Genomic characterization of a novel virus found in papillomatous lesions from a southern brown bandicoot (Isoodon obesulus) in Western Australia. Virology 376(1):173-182
  2. Bennett MD, Reiss A, Stevens H, Heylen E, Van Ranst M, Wayne A, Slaven M, Mills JN, Warren KS, O'Hara AJ, Nicholls PK (2010) The first complete papillomavirus genome characterized from a marsupial host: a novel isolate from Bettongia penicillata. J Virol 84(10):5448-5453
  3. Woolford L, Rector A, Van Ranst M, Ducki A, Bennett MD, Nicholls PK, Warren KS, Swan RA, Wilcox GE, O'Hara AJ (2007) A novel virus detected in papillomas and carcinomas of the endangered western barred bandicoot (Perameles bougainville) exhibits genomic features of both the Papillomaviridae and Polyomaviridae. J Virol 81(24):13280-13290
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