Bağın

Bağın, also spelt Baghin[1] and Paghin, and called Dedebağ in Turkish, is a hamlet to Akdüven and historical town in what is now Mazgirt District, Turkey.[2]: 139 [3] Its remains are located by the bank of the Peri Su river, downstream from Kiğı and northwest of Karakoçan, in a flat area surrounded by hills.[2]: 126, 129  Between Bağın and Kiğı, there are only "isolated clusters of houses" down in the valley, while the main villages are above.[2]: 126  The present-day hamlet consists of a handful of houses and is tucked between the riverbank and a large rocky outcropping that juts up from the surrounding flat land.[2]: 127, 9  This outcropping is the site of an ancient and medieval fortress, while the surrounding flat land is under cultivation.[2]: 127, 9 

"Bagin" redirects here. For the city in Iran, see Baghin, Iran.

A short distance upstream from Bağın are hot springs, where people come to bathe hoping to cure themselves of rheumatism.[2]: 129  A bathing establishment with several cabins for visitors exists here just to the west of the springs.[2]: 129  Nearby, on the west bank of the Peri Su, the land forms a shelf overhanging the river.[2]: 129  Salt deposits formed by water dripping off the cliff face have created icicle-like formations on the overhanging part.[2]: 129 

The modern hamlet is populated by Kurds of the Hormek and Izol tribes.[4]

History

The Urartians used Bağın's citadel as a fortress, and there was probably a town here as well.[2]: 127  A block reused for medieval wall contains half of a Urartian inscription, the other half of which is now in the Elazig Museum.[2]: 129  The inscription refers to someone named Titia being appointed governor - possibly of Bağın.[2]: 129  There was likely a town here at this point, and its dependent district likely "primarily the Karakoçan plain, secondarily its own little square of cultivable land, and thirdly any villages there may have been in the hills surrounding the town".[2]: 134  The population was likely culturally Urartian instead of just Urartian-ruled; there may have also been an Aramaic-speaking minority.[2]: 134 

Ancient Bağın was the largest of several small fortresses on the road connecting the Urartian heartland around Lake Van with the upper basin of the Murat Su.[5]: 126–7  It likely functioned as a "road station and barracks for the troops patrolling the road".[5]: 127 

In classical Armenia, Bağın served as the capital of the canton of Paghnatun.[2]: 140  Paghnatun probably had the same geographical scope as the unnamed Urartian district based at Bağın.[2]: 140  No separate prince of Paghnatun is known, and it was probably politically dependent on the neighboring canton of Balahovit, based at Palu.[2]: 140 

In the Middle Ages, Bağın was a flourishing market town with a mixed Armenian and Syriac population.[2]: 146  Its prosperity was helped by its distance from major conflict zones, allowing agriculture and animal husbandry to carry on unimpeded.[2]: 146  The local hot springs may have drawn visitors during this period, just like today.[2]: 129  After the 11th century, Bağın declined in importance, and by Artukid times it was little more than a village, although the fortress remained in use.[2]: 126–9, 153 

19th-century Bağın was a much larger village than it is now.[2]: 129  A çeşme, or fountain, was constructed sometime in the 1800s to serve the village, and there are remains of a large house probably dating from the 1800s or early 1900s.[2]: 129 

References
  1. Huntington, Ellsworth. Berichte über Forschungen in Armenien und Commagene, in Zeitschrift für Ethnologie, 33.1901
  2. Sinclair, T.A. (1989). Eastern Turkey: An Architectural & Archaeological Survey, Volume III. Pindar Press. ISBN 0907132340. Retrieved 29 July 2022.
  3. "Türkiye Mülki İdare Bölümleri Envanteri". T.C. İçişleri Bakanlığı (in Turkish). Retrieved 19 December 2022.
  4. Küçük, Bülent; Küçük, Hüseyin (2021). "Dergâhtan Derneğe bir Ocağın Serencamı: Seysavun Ocağı". In Aslan, Şükrü; Çelik, Filiz (eds.). Mazgirt (in Turkish). Ütopya Yayınevi. p. 319. ISBN 9786059378970.
  5. Biscione, Raffaele; Dan, Roberto (2014). "Ranking and Distribution of the Urartian Fortifications in Turkey". In Özfirat, Aynur (ed.). Scripta: Essays in Honour of Veli Sevin. Istanbul: Yayınları. pp. 123–36. ISBN 978-605-4701-47-6. Retrieved 21 August 2022.

39.003°N 39.899°E / 39.003; 39.899

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