Ayyathan Janaki Ammal

Dr. Ayyathan Janaki Ammal (1878 –1945) was the first female doctor in Kerala and also in Malabar region[1][2][3][4] which was an administrative district of Madras Presidency[5] during British rule in India. She was also the first female doctor from the Thiyya community and also hailed with the title as the first Malayali lady doctor and surgeon. [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15] and the sister to Ayyathan Gopalan.[16][17][18][19] a social reformer of Kerala, the founder of the Sugunavardhini movement (1900), Depressed Classes Mission (1909)[20] and the leader and propagandist of Brahmo Samaj[21][22][23][24][25][26][27] in Kerala.[28][29]

Dr. Ayyathan Janaki Ammal
ഡോ. അയ്യത്താൻ ജാനകി അമ്മാൾ
Born
Ayyathan Janaki

1878
Thalassery, British India
Died1945
Madras, Madras Presidency
Resting placeSanthi Gardens, Ayathan Family Cemetery, Calicut
NationalityIndian
Alma materMadras Medical College
Occupation(s)Doctor, Surgeon, Medical school lecturer
Known forFirst Female Doctor of Kerala & Malabar, First Malayali Lady Doctor& Surgeon, First Female doctor from Thiyya community.
Parents
  • Ayathan Chandhan (father)
  • Kallatt Chirutha Ammal (mother)
RelativesDr. Ayyathan Gopalan
FamilyAyathan Royal family
AwardsBest Doctor Award (from British Government)

Biography

She was born into "Ayyathan" family (aristocratic Thiyya royal family of Malabar) at Telicherry, the daughter of Ayyathan Chandhan and Kallat Chiruthammal.

She studied at the Telicherry Elementary School and moved to convent school, Calicut in 1897. She then joined Madras Medical College[30] in 1902 on scholarship and passed the LMP examination[31] (sub assistant surgeon) in 1907 with the highest rank and with honors. That same year she joined government service at Chenkelpet government hospital where her career started as an assistant surgeon and physician. She came back to Calicut to work at the Leprosy hospital where she worked for years before leaving back to Madras where she joined the Trichy government hospital.

Janaki Ammal was service-oriented and was a social activist. She had worked with the Sugunavardhini movement[32][33][34] to uplift women and people from the downtrodden sections of society. Along with her brother Dr.Ayyathan Gopalan, she conducted free medical camps while working at Calicut together with Kallat Kausallya Ammal(wife of Dr.Gopalan) and Dr.Alummoottil Cochoomani Mandhakini Bai(Ayathan Gopalan's daughter-in-law)

Janaki Ammal is considered a pioneer in fighting for women's rights in the Sugunavardhini movement.[35][36][37][38]

She died in 1945.[39]

Bibliography
  • "Appan oru ormapusthakam" (Malayalam), author Ayathan Alok.
  • "Darsar, The untold story of an unsung hero" (English) written by Ayathan Alok.
  • Kerala Charithram vol2 by P.S. Velayudhan
  • Ente ammayude ormadaykk (1901) Biography of Kallat Chiruthammal, written by DR.Ayathan Gopalan.
  • M.S.Nair, Manasu enna Daivam
  • C.K.Moosath, The role of Kelappan in harijan activities
  • M.P.Manmadhan, Kelappan Biography
  • Maharshi Vaghbhatananda Gurudevar, by Swami Brahmavrithan
  • Prof. Sreedharan Menon .A. (1967). A Survey of Kerala History. Kottayam: Sahitya Pravarthaka Co-operative Society [Sales Dept.]; National Book Stall.
  • Prof.Sreedharamenon .A. (1987) Kerala History and its Makers, Kottayam; National bookstall
  • Kurup, K. K. N. (1988), Modern Kerala: Studies in Social and Agrarian Relations, Mittal Publications, ISBN 9788170990949
  • Kurup (1988), p. 94
  • Mithavadi paper (1917)
  • Kurup, K. K. N. (September 1988). "Peasantry and the Anti-Imperialist Struggles in Kerala". Social Scientist. 16 (9): 35–45. doi:10.2307/3517171. JSTOR 3517171.
  • Biography of Brahmanada Sivayogi written by K Bheeman Nair Asathyathil ninnu sathyathilekku(അസത്യത്തിൽ നിന്ന് സത്യത്തിലേക്ക്)
  • Biography of Brahmananda Swami Sivayogy by A K Nair
  • Brahmananda Swami Sivayogi by Pavana
  • Journal of Indian history, University of Kerela Press, 2001 p270

References
  1. Modern Kerala: Studies in Social and Agrarian Relations, K.K.N.Kurup. p. 86. K.K.N.Kurup. p. 86. mittal publications. 1988. pp. K.K.N.Kurup. p. 86.
  2. Dr. Ayyathan Gopalan, Malayalam Memoir (2013); edited by V.R.Govindhanunni, Kozhikode. Dr. Ayyathan Gopalan edited by V.R.Govindhanunni. published by Mathrubhumi books. {{cite book}}: |last2= has generic name (help)
  3. Gopalan, Kausallya (1932). Kausallya Gopalan (1932) Biography written by Vagbhatananda guru. published by Mathrubhumi Press, Calicut in 1932.
  4. Ente ammayude ormadaykk (1901) Biography of Kallat Chiruthammal. Calicut: DR.Ayathan Gopalan.,Spectator press. 1901.
  5. Malabar Manual. william logan. 1951.
  6. Judd, Denis, 1938- (1987) [1972]. The British Raj. Wayland. ISBN 1-85210-283-7. OCLC 20461761.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  7. Alam, Aniket (2007), "Social Movements during British Rule", Becoming India, Delhi: Foundation Books, pp. 208–253, doi:10.1017/upo9788175968387.008, ISBN 978-81-7596-838-7
  8. British rule in India. August 2018. ISBN 978-93-5280-803-8. OCLC 1049567927.
  9. Ritzer, George (2014). Place and Caste Identification: Distanciation and Spatial Imaginaries on a Caste-Based Social Network. University of Maryland (College Park, Md.). OCLC 890402212.
  10. From North to North Malabar. N.C. Shyamalan.
  11. Castes and tribes of south India. Edgar Thurston and K. Rangachari. 1909.
  12. Vamseeya Raajavamsangal. Kottiyath Sadanandan.
  13. Kerala Charithra Niroopanam Adhava Theeyarute. Powranikatwam. Edward Press, Cannanore 1935. Balaram. 1935.
  14. Pauranika Kerala. Athava Kerala Charitra Niroopanam [Ancient Kerala, or A Critique of Kerala History] ... Kambil Anandan.
  15. Kannoorinte Kal vilakkukal. Baghyaseelan Chalad.
  16. Dr. Ayyathan Gopalan Malayalam Memoir (2013) Kozhikode. calicut: edited by V.R.Govindhanunni, published by Mathrubhumi books. 2013.
  17. Samakaleenaraya Chila Keraleeyar. Kesava Menon. K. P. (1974). Sahithya Pra. Co. s: Sahithya Pra. Co. s. 1974. p. 239.
  18. Mughaparichayam (1959) . Govindan A.C. Published by K.R.Brothers, Kozhikkode. p. 1959. pp. 155 p. 156 p. 157 p. 158 p. 159.
  19. Kerala navothanam yuga sandhadikal yuga silpikal. P. Govindapilla (2010),chintha pp.
  20. History of the Calicut Brahmo Samaj. K.Achuthan, Spectator press. 1928.
  21. History of the Calicut Brahmosamaj. Calicut: K.Achuthan, Spectator press. 1928.
  22. "Brāhmo Samāj". doi:10.1163/1877-5888_rpp_sim_02315. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  23. Bose, Ram Chandra. (1884). Brahmoism; or, History of reformed Hinduism from its origin in 1830,. Funk & Wagnalls. OCLC 1032604831.
  24. Summers, William J. (2001). "Roy [Le Roy, Le Roi, Roi, Lo Roi, Lo Roy], Bartolomeo". Oxford Music Online. Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.article.23993.
  25. Rammohun Roy, Raja, 1772?-1833. (1996). Sati : a writeup of Raja Ram Mohan Roy about burning of widows alive. B.R. Pub. Corp. ISBN 81-7018-898-9. OCLC 827940245.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  26. Nazir, Parwez (2011). "Raja Ram Mohan Roy: Social Reform and Empowerment of Women". Journal of Exclusion Studies. 1 (2): 1. doi:10.5958/j.2231-4547.1.2.013. ISSN 2231-4547.
  27. Alam, Aniket (2007), "Social Movements during British Rule", Becoming India, Delhi: Foundation Books, pp. 208–253, doi:10.1017/upo9788175968387.008, ISBN 978-81-7596-838-7
  28. Stott, David. (January 2016). Kerala. Footprint. ISBN 978-1-910120-57-6. OCLC 950876236.
  29. Padmanabha Menon, K. P. (Krishnat P.), 1857–1919. (2001). History of Kerala : a history of Kerala written in the form of notes on Visscher's letters from Malabar. Asian Educational Services. ISBN 81-206-0164-5. OCLC 911738996.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  30. Madras Medical College. (1856–77). Annual Report of the Madras Medical College. Session 1855-56( -1876-77). OCLC 562478204.
  31. Donaldson, Peter. (1821). A review of the present systems of medicine and chirurgery of Europe and America; : respectfully designed to diffuse medical knowledge, and to essay the permanent esetablishment of the experimental and rational practice of the art, on fixed and solid bases, among practitioners, by exhibiting all the new discoveries, inventions, improvements and additions, made by the experienced and learned professors of medicine and chirurgery, herein collected, illustrated and digested, in a new method of arrangement, into a lucid system of medical and chirurgical doctrines and principles of the science and art, viewed in connexion with the most refined principles and demonstrations of anatomy, physiology, pathology, nosology, pharmacy, chymistry, materia medica, midical jurisprudence and philosophy, which may, in any way or degree, contribute to advance the glory and perfection of the healing art. Published by the author, no. 172 Water-Street. Gray & Bunce, printers. OCLC 78125622.
  32. Bose, Ram Chandra. (1884). Brahmoism; or, History of reformed Hinduism from its origin in 1830,. Funk & Wagnalls. OCLC 1032604831.
  33. cultural heritage of kerala. a. sreedharamenon.
  34. History of Calicut Brahmo Samaj. K.Achuthan. 1928.
  35. History of the Calicut Brahmosamaj. Calicut: K. Achuthan, Spectator press. 1928.
  36. Kerala navothanam yuga sandhadikal yuga silpikal. P. Govindapilla (2010),chintha pp. 2010.
  37. Modern Kerala: Studies in Social and Agrarian Relations. kottayam: Kurup, K. K. N. (1988), Mittal Publications. 1988. ISBN 9788170990949.
  38. Ente ammayude ormadaykk (1901) Biography of Kallat Chiruthammal. Calicut: DR.Ayathan Gopalan, Spectator press. 1901.
  39. Ente ammayude ormadaykk (Biography of Kallat Chirutha Ammal) written by Dr. Ayyathan Gopalan in the 1930
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