Ayuka Khan

Ayuka or Ayuki Khan (1669–1724) was a Kalmyk leader under whose rule the Kalmyk Khanate reached its zenith in terms of economic, military, and politic power. On behalf of Russia, Ayuka Khan protected the southern borders of Russia, engaging in many military expeditions against the Muslim tribes of Central Asia, the North Caucasus and Crimea.[1]

Ayuka Khan
Kalmyk Khan
Taish of Kalmyks
Reign1672 - 1690
Coronation1672
PredecessorMonchak
Khan of the Kalmyk Khanate
Reign1690 - 1724
SuccessorTseren Donduk Khan
Born1642
Died1724 (aged 81-82)
FatherMonchak
ReligionTibetan Buddhism

Kalmyk troops invaded Bashkirs with Kazan and Orenburg Bashkir Uprising (1681–1684). Then the Russian government sent to negotiate for Ayuka Prince Golitsyn Alexei Ivanovich. These negotiations failed to stop the Russian attacks Kalmyks and keep Ayuka Khan of friendly relations with the Porte, the Crimea and Persia.

Russian authorities in an effort to strengthen its influence in the Lower Volga, supported Ayuka Khan and used his troops during the suppression of the Astrakhan (1705–1706) and Bulavin (1707–1709) uprisings, as well as in the Great Northern War (1700–1721), and the Russo-Persian War (1722–1723).[2] For the latter war, to honor his service, he received a golden sword and a belt covered with precious stones by Peter I.[3]

Ayuka Khan, restoring peaceful relations with the Russian kingdom, turned his attention to the east. Ayuka Khan undertook military campaign against the Kazakh and Turkmen, making them their tributaries. Part Mangyshlak Turkmens were displaced Ayuka Khan the Volga, to the same period include his successful war with Dagestanis, Kumyks, Kabardians and Kuban. In 1690, the Dalai Lama bestowed Kalmyk taisha Ayuke Khan's title with a seal.

See also

Further reading
  • Dupu, Trevor N.; Wendell Blanchard (1991). Mongolia: Chapter 3C. Mongolia in Transition. Archived from the original on 2011-05-16.

References
  1. "Republic of Kalmykia". Kommersant. 2004-03-10. Archived from the original on 2016-05-08. Retrieved 2007-04-06. "The Kalmyk Khanate reached its peak of power in the period of Ayuka Khan (1669-1724). Ayuka Khan fulfilled his responsibility to protect the southern borders of Russia and conducted many military expeditions against the Crimean Tatars, Ottoman Empire and Kuban Tatars. He also waged wars against the Kazakhs, subjugated the Mangyshlak Turkmens, and made multiple expeditions against the highlanders of the North Caucasus."
  2. Konstantin Nikolaevich Maksimov. Kalmykia in Russia's Past and Present National Policies and Administrative System Central European University Press, 2008 ISBN 9639776173 p 86
  3. Konstantin Nikolaevich Maksimov. Kalmykia in Russia's Past and Present National Policies and Administrative System Central European University Press, 2008 ISBN 9639776173 p 86
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