Aritomo Gotō

Aritomo Gotō (五藤 存知, Gotō Aritomo, 23 January 1888 – 12 October 1942)[3] was an admiral in the Imperial Japanese Navy during World War II.

Aritomo Gotō
Native name
五藤 存知
Born(1888-01-23)23 January 1888
Ibaraki, Japan
Died12 October 1942(1942-10-12) (aged 54)[1]
Cape Esperance, off Guadalcanal, Solomon Islands
Allegiance Empire of Japan
Service/branch Imperial Japanese Navy
Years of service1910–1942
Rank Vice Admiral (posthumous)
Commands heldTsuta, Urakaze, Numakaze, Nokaze, Uzuki, Nadakaze, Uranami, Matsukaze, Naka, Atago, Chōkai, Mutsu, Yamashiro,
27th Destroyer Group, 5th Destroyer Group, 10th Destroyer Group, 2nd Cruiser Division, Close Support Force, Invasion Force, Support Force Main Body, 6th Cruiser Division[2]
Battles/wars
AwardsOrder of the Rising Sun (4th class)

Early career

Gotō was born in Ibaraki prefecture in 1888. He graduated from the 38th class of the Imperial Japanese Naval Academy in 1910, ranked 30th out of a class of 149 cadets. As a midshipman, he served on the cruiser Kasagi and battleship Satsuma. On being commissioned as ensign in 1911, he was assigned to Iwami, followed by the submarine tender Toyohashi.

After his promotion to sub-lieutenant in 1913, Gotō served on the destroyer Murakumo. During World War I, he was sent to the South Pacific to man a radio outpost, and later as a crewman on the cruiser Chikuma. After his promotion to lieutenant in 1917, he served on the battleship Kongō, the destroyer Tanikaze and the cruiser Yakumo.

As a lieutenant commander from 1923, Gotō captained the destroyers Tsuta, Urakaze, Numakaze, Nokaze, Uzuki and Nadakaze. After his promotion to commander in 1928, he commanded the Uranami, Matsukaze, Destroyer Group 27, and Destroyer Group 5.

Gotō was promoted to captain on 15 November 1933. He was assigned as commander of Destroyer Group 10, followed by captain of the cruisers Naka, Atago, Chōkai, and battleships Mutsu and Yamashiro.

Gotō became a rear admiral on 15 November 1939 and was made commander of Cruiser Division 2. On 10 September 1941 he was placed in command of Cruiser Division 6 (CruDiv6), consisting of the four heavy cruisers Aoba (Gotō's flagship), Furutaka, Kinugasa and Kako.[1]

World War II

On 23 December 1941, CruDiv6 supported the second assault on Wake Island in which Japanese troops were able to capture the island after the intense Battle of Wake Island. In May 1942, from CruDiv6, Gotō commanded an element of the "Main Body Support Force," providing cover, along with the light aircraft carrier Shōhō, for the Operation Mo offensive, including landings on Tulagi and an attempted assault on Port Moresby, New Guinea that resulted in the Battle of the Coral Sea. During the battle, U.S. aircraft attacked and sank Shōhō, with Gotō's cruisers located too far away to provide anti-aircraft protection for the carrier, for the loss of Lexington.[4]

Operating from Kavieng, New Ireland, and Rabaul, New Britain, Gotō's CruDiv6 supported Japanese naval operations during the first several months of the Guadalcanal campaign. CruDiv6, with other Japanese warships and under the overall command of Gunichi Mikawa, participated in the Battle of Savo Island on 8 August 1942 resulting in the sinking of four Allied cruisers. On the return trip to Kavieng, however, Kako was torpedoed and sunk. On 11 October, the remaining three cruisers of CruDiv6 approached Guadalcanal at night to bombard the Allied airbase at Henderson Field as well as to support a large "Tokyo Express" run occurring the same evening. Gotō's force was surprised by a force of American cruisers and destroyers under the command of U.S. Rear Admiral Norman Scott. In the resulting Battle of Cape Esperance, Gotō was mortally wounded onboard Aoba and died later on 12 October.

Notes
  1. Nishida, Imperial Japanese Navy.
  2. "Goto Aritomo".
  3. Lacroix, Japanese Cruisers, p. 308.
  4. Hackett, IJN Aoba.

References

Books
  • Cook, Charles O. (1992). The Battle of Cape Esperance: Encounter at Guadalcanal (Reissue ed.). Naval Institute Press. ISBN 1-55750-126-2.
  • D'Albas, Andrieu (1965). Death of a Navy: Japanese Naval Action in World War II. Devin-Adair Pub. ISBN 0-8159-5302-X.
  • Dull, Paul S. (1978). A Battle History of the Imperial Japanese Navy, 1941-1945. Naval Institute Press. ISBN 0-87021-097-1.
  • Frank, Richard B. (1990). Guadalcanal : The Definitive Account of the Landmark Battle. New York: Penguin Group. ISBN 0-14-016561-4.
  • Hara, Tameichi (1961). Japanese Destroyer Captain. New York & Toronto: Ballantine Books. ISBN 0-345-27894-1.
  • Kilpatrick, C. W. (1987). Naval Night Battles of the Solomons. Exposition Press. ISBN 0-682-40333-4.
  • Lacroix, Eric; Linton Wells (1997). Japanese Cruisers of the Pacific War. Naval Institute Press. ISBN 0-87021-311-3.
  • Morison, Samuel Eliot (1958). "Chapter 8". The Struggle for Guadalcanal, August 1942 – February 1943, vol. 5 of History of United States Naval Operations in World War II. Boston: Little, Brown and Company. ISBN 0-316-58305-7.
  • Poor, Henry Varnum; Henry A. Mustin; Colin G. Jameson (1994). The Battles of Cape Esperance, 11 October 1942 and Santa Cruz Islands, 26 October 1942 (Combat Narratives. Solomon Islands Campaign, 4-5). Naval Historical Center. ISBN 0-945274-21-1.
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