Blue acara

Blue acara
	An “electric blue” morph acara
Conservation status
	; Least Concern (IUCN 3.1)[1]
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Actinopterygii
Order:	Cichliformes
Family:	Cichlidae
Genus:	Andinoacara
Species:	A. pulcher
Binomial name
	Andinoacara pulcher; (T. N. Gill, 1858)
Synonyms
	Cychlasoma pulchrum Gill, 1858; Aequidens pulcher (Gill, 1858);

The blue acara (Andinoacara pulcher) is a colorful freshwater fish in the cichlid family.[2] This fish can be found in various freshwater habitats, ranging from standing water to flowing streams, in Venezuela and Trinidad.[3] They can reach lengths of 16 cm (6.3 in).[3] The scientific species name is indicative to its looks; pulcher meaning "beautiful" in Latin. The blue acara is a common cichlid sold in many aquarium stores, and is sometimes confused with the larger green terror (A. rivulatus).

The body of the blue acara is stocky and compact with a steel blue-gray coloration. Noticeable horizontal green lines occur on their faces and their blueish-green scales give them a sparkling appearance. They also have long, flowing fins with a hint of orange to the tips.

Blue acaras natively live in a tropical climate and prefer water with a pH of 6.5-8.0, a water hardness of 25° dGH, and a water temperature of 22–30 °C (72–86 °F).[4][5]

Description

A wild-morph acara in a home aquarium

The blue acara normally grows to around 13 cm (5.1 in), but can reach up to 16 cm (6.3 in).[3] The body is compact and stocky, while the fins are long and flowing, with a rounder head than on similar cichlids.

The main body colour can vary from browns to blues to black due to local diversity. The body is decorated with five to eight vertical black stripes (which may not always be distinctly visible) and blue iridescent spots, and the face sports a few horizontal green lines. The fins have a hint of orange on the tips and some specimens have a red topfin rim. A distinctive black line is present going from the eye down the cheek; this one line is not found on other similar cichlids.

Taxonomy

Formerly placed in the genus Aequidens, this species was moved to Andinoacara in 2009.[2][6]

References

"Andinoacara pulcher". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.
"Phylogeny of the Neotropical cichlid fish tribe Cichlasomatini (Teleostei: Cichlidae) based on morphological and molecular data, with the description of a new genus. Journal of Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Research. Volume 47 Issue 3, Pages 234 - 247."
Froese, Rainer; Pauly, Daniel (eds.) (2017). "Andinoacara pulcher" in FishBase. May 2017 version.
"Avila, Marcos A (1997-2008). "Aequidens Pulcher", The Age of Aquariums."
"Brough, David (1998-2008). "Aquidens Pulcher, Blue Acara", Dr. Jungle's Animal World."
N., S.O. Kullander and R.E. Barriga Salazar, 2012. Andinoacara blombergi, a new species from the Río Esmeraldas basin in Ecuador and a review of A. rivulatus (Teleostei: Cichlidae). Ichthyol. Explor. Freshwat. 23(2):117-137.

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[1] "Andinoacara pulcher". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.

[Musilova2009-2] "Phylogeny of the Neotropical cichlid fish tribe Cichlasomatini (Teleostei: Cichlidae) based on morphological and molecular data, with the description of a new genus. Journal of Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Research. Volume 47 Issue 3, Pages 234 - 247."

[fishbase-3] Froese, Rainer; Pauly, Daniel (eds.) (2017). "Andinoacara pulcher" in FishBase. May 2017 version.

[4] "Avila, Marcos A (1997-2008). "Aequidens Pulcher", The Age of Aquariums."

[5] "Brough, David (1998-2008). "Aquidens Pulcher, Blue Acara", Dr. Jungle's Animal World."

[6] N., S.O. Kullander and R.E. Barriga Salazar, 2012. Andinoacara blombergi, a new species from the Río Esmeraldas basin in Ecuador and a review of A. rivulatus (Teleostei: Cichlidae). Ichthyol. Explor. Freshwat. 23(2):117-137.