Alfa Romeo Tipo 308

The Alfa Romeo Tipo 308 or 8C-308 is a Grand Prix racing car made for the 3 litre class in 1938. Only four cars were produced, actually modified from Tipo C with the engine mounted lower into the chassis and a slimmer body.[2][3] The chassis was derived from the Tipo C and the engine from the 8C 2900. The 308 was engineered by Gioacchino Colombo under the control of Enzo Ferrari who was then in charge of Alfa's racing team, Alfa Corse. The car debuted at the Pau Grand Prix in 1938, where two cars were entered to race, one for Tazio Nuvolari and the other for Luigi Villoresi.[4] Both drivers had to withdraw from competition, however Nuvolari had by then set a lap record. The next race was the Tripoli Grand Prix. The new 312 (3-litre, 12 cylinders) and 316 (3-litre, 16 cylinders) were entered, but they had engine trouble during practice and Clemente Biondetti took the start at the wheel of the 308 held in reserve. He failed to finish, while Hermann Lang, driving a Mercedes-Benz W154, was the winner. In this race, Eugenio Siena, driving a 312, was killed after hitting a wall.

Alfa Romeo Tipo 308

Category	Grand Prix 3 litre
Constructor	Alfa Romeo
Designer(s)	Gioacchino Colombo
Production	1938
Predecessor	Alfa Romeo 12C
Successor	Alfa Romeo 158
Technical specifications
Chassis	channel section side members[1]
Suspension (front)	independent with trailing links, coil springs, hydraulic dampers
Suspension (rear)	independent with swing axles, transverse leaf springs
Engine	Alfa Romeo 2991 cc straight-8 Roots supercharged 295 bhp (220 kW) @ 6000 rpm front engined, longitudinally mounted
Transmission	Alfa 4-speed manual
Tyres	Pirelli
Competition history
Notable entrants	Alfa Corse
Notable drivers	Tazio Nuvolari Luigi Villoresi Jean-Pierre Wimille Achille Varzi Raymond Sommer Óscar Alfredo Gálvez Chico Landi
Debut	April 1938 Pau Grand Prix

In the 1938 Mille Miglia, Clemente Biondetti and Carlo Pintacuda took the first two places. Biondetti's car used a 300 bhp (220 kW) Tipo 308 engine, while Pintacuda's used a 225 bhp (168 kW) 2900B.[5]

In 1938 and 1939, Raymond Sommer won a couple of hillclimb competitions at La Turbie with 308;[4] Jean-Pierre Wimille won a couple of races in Europe in the 1940s. One of the cars was brought to Argentina where it gathered some success and victories in the hands of Óscar Alfredo Gálvez. The car that Gálvez used in Argentina is now in the Juan Manuel Fangio museum.[6]

Johnny Mauro Alfa Romeo 308

One of the cars was sold to the US after World War II and Louis Durant drove it to 6th place in the 1946 Indianapolis 500; the next year it placed 7th with Walt Brown. In 1948, Johnny Mauro drove the car to 8th place; this car is now located in the Indianapolis Motor Speedway Hall of Fame Museum.[7] It is probably the same car that was also used in the 1940 Indianapolis 500, which was Raymond Sommer's ex car.[1]

Overall Alfa Romeo's 3 litre formula cars (Tipo 308, 312 and 316) were not a great success. Instead, the new car for the 1500 cc class, the 158 voiturette, designed in 1937 and first raced at the Coppa Ciano in August 1938, proved much more successful.

Tipo 308 monoposto.