Alberto Rocamora

Alberto Rocamora
Alberto Rocamora
	Rocamora in 1974
Minister of the Interior
	In office; 14 August 1974 – 11 July 1975
President	Isabel Perón
Preceded by	Benito Llambí
Succeeded by	Antonio J. Benítez
President of the Chamber of Deputies
	In office; 25 April 1955 – 16 September 1955
Preceded by	Antonio J. Benítez
Succeeded by	Federico Fernández de Monjardín
National Deputy
	In office; 26 April 1952 – 16 September 1955
Constituency	13th Circunscription of Buenos Aires Province
Personal details
Born	5 August 1911; Ramos Mejía, Argentina
Died	12 July 2004 (aged 92); Buenos Aires, Argentina
Political party	Justicialist Party
Alma mater	University of Buenos Aires

Alberto Luis Rocamora (5 August 1911 – 12 July 2004) was an Argentine politician. A member of the Justicialist Party, he was an early supporter of President Juan Perón and his entire career unfolded as a member of the Peronist Movement.

He was elected to the Argentine Chamber of Deputies in 1951, and later served as President of the Chamber. Like all other Peronists in power, Rocamora was deposed and consequently persecuted by the military dictatorship that followed the 1955 Argentine coup d'état. Following the return of Juan Perón from exile in 1974 and the ascent to the presidency of his widow, Isabel Perón, Rocamora served as Minister of the Interior in the national cabinet until 1975.

As Interior Minister, on 5 February 1975 Rocamora was co-signant of the Decreto 261/75, which marked the beginning of the so-called Operativo Independencia, the first large-scale operation in the period of state terrorism now commonly known as the "Dirty War".

Early life and career

Rocamora was born on 5 August 1911 in Ramos Mejía, Buenos Aires.[1] He studied at the University of Buenos Aires Faculty of Law, graduating and later teaching courses there as well.[2]

Political career

A member of the Peronist Party from the moment of its foundation, he was a close collaborator of the Eva Perón Foundation. He ran for a seat in the National Chamber of Deputies in the 1951 general election; he competed for the 13th Circunscription of Buenos Aires Province and won with 74.32% of the vote for the 1952–1955 legislative term. In 1952, he was appointed by Eva Perón herself as legal representative of the Female Peronist Party.

On 25 April 1955, he was elected by his peers as President of the Chamber of Deputies, succeeding Antonio J. Benítez.[3]

Like all other members of the National Congress, Rocamora was deposed in the 1955 coup d'état, which resulted in the exile of Juan Domingo Perón and the subsequent persecution of peronists by the military régime. In November 1972, he was part of the entourage that welcomed Perón back to Argentina, alongside other prominent members of the peronist movement such as Héctor José Cámpora, Antonio Cafiero, Raúl Lastiri, Carlos Menem, Nilda Garré, among others.[4]

Minister of the Interior

In 1974, he briefly served from January to August as Minister of Government of Buenos Aires Province under Governor Victorio Calabró.[3] In August, he was appointed as Minister of the Interior by President Isabel Perón. By then, Rocamora was a member of the "moderate" wing of the Peronist movement, opposed to the hardline right-wing figure of José López Rega.[5]

In November 1974, he co-signed the federal intervention of Salta Province, then governed by Miguel Ragone, a known member of the Peronist Left who had been accused of being a "communist".[6] On 5 February 1975 Rocamora was co-signant of the Decreto 261/75, which marked the beginning of the so-called Operativo Independencia, the first large-scale operation in the period of state terrorism now commonly known as the "Dirty War".[3]

Rocamora also briefly served as interim Minister of Justice. In July 1975, in the midst of the economic crisis that led to the resignation of Alfredo Gómez Morales as economy minister, Rocamora resigned from his post and retired into obscurity for the remainder of Isabel Perón's government, which ended on 23 March 1976 with another coup d'état.[7]

In 1994, he was elected to the constitutional convention in charge of writing the amendments to the national constitution, as part of the Justicialist Party. As the oldest member of the convention (aged 82), he presided the opening session before a president for the body could be elected.[2]

Later years and death

During his last years, he was a member of the Instituto del Investigaciones Históricas del Círculo de Legisladores Nacionales. As president of the institute, he had published ¿Crisis o disgregación?; hacia una nueva etapa histórica, a book recounting the 2001 crisis and summarizing his views on the short-term future of Argentina's political landscape.[8]

Rocamora died on 12 July 2004 at Sanatorio Güemes, in Buenos Aires, and was interred at La Chacarita Cemetery. He was survived by his seven children, eleven grandchildren and three great-grandchildren, one of whom was born on the day of his death.[2]

References

"Murió Alberto Rocamora". La Nueva Provincia (in Spanish). 13 July 2004. Archived from the original on 19 January 2023. Retrieved 19 January 2023.
"Murió el dirigente del PJ y ex ministro del Interior Alberto Rocamora". Clarín (in Spanish). 12 July 2004. Retrieved 19 January 2023.
"Murió un ex ministro de Isabel Perón". Clarín (in Spanish). 13 July 2004. Retrieved 19 January 2023.
"El retorno del General". El Virrey (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 5 December 2011.
"Existe desafecto por López Rega, afirma un ministro en Argentina". El Día (in Spanish). 3 February 1975. Archived from the original on 20 September 2012. Retrieved 19 January 2023.
Servetto, Alicia (December 2009). "El sentido político de las intervenciones federales en el tercer gobierno peronista: "desplazar" a los "infiltrados" y "depurar" al peronismo" [The political meaning of federal interventions in the third peronist government, "move" to "the departed" and "cleanse" the peronism]. Revista Escuela de Historia (in Spanish). Salta. 8 (2). ISSN 1669-9041.
Criado, Roberto (2018). "Política Económica y Conflicto Social. El Plan Rodrigo de 1975". Revista de la Carrera de Sociología (in Spanish). Facultad de Ciencias Sociales, Universidad de Buenos Aires. 8 (8): 258. ISSN 1853-6484.
"Beneficios para el Asociado". CLNA (in Spanish). Retrieved 19 January 2023.

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[1] "Murió Alberto Rocamora". La Nueva Provincia (in Spanish). 13 July 2004. Archived from the original on 19 January 2023. Retrieved 19 January 2023.

[clarin-2] "Murió el dirigente del PJ y ex ministro del Interior Alberto Rocamora". Clarín (in Spanish). 12 July 2004. Retrieved 19 January 2023.

[clarin2-3] "Murió un ex ministro de Isabel Perón". Clarín (in Spanish). 13 July 2004. Retrieved 19 January 2023.

[4] "El retorno del General". El Virrey (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 5 December 2011.

[5] "Existe desafecto por López Rega, afirma un ministro en Argentina". El Día (in Spanish). 3 February 1975. Archived from the original on 20 September 2012. Retrieved 19 January 2023.

[6] Servetto, Alicia (December 2009). "El sentido político de las intervenciones federales en el tercer gobierno peronista: "desplazar" a los "infiltrados" y "depurar" al peronismo" [The political meaning of federal interventions in the third peronist government, "move" to "the departed" and "cleanse" the peronism]. Revista Escuela de Historia (in Spanish). Salta. 8 (2). ISSN 1669-9041.

[7] Criado, Roberto (2018). "Política Económica y Conflicto Social. El Plan Rodrigo de 1975". Revista de la Carrera de Sociología (in Spanish). Facultad de Ciencias Sociales, Universidad de Buenos Aires. 8 (8): 258. ISSN 1853-6484.

[8] "Beneficios para el Asociado". CLNA (in Spanish). Retrieved 19 January 2023.