Abdullah bin Jiluwi Al Saud

Abdullah bin Jiluwi Al Saud (Arabic: عبد الله بن جلوي آل سعود, romanized: ʿAbd Allāh ibn Jalawī Āl Suʿūd; 1870–1938) was one of the early Saudi governors.[1]

Abdullah bin Jiluwi Al Saud
Governor of Eastern Province
In office1913 – 1938
SuccessorSaud bin Abdullah
MonarchAbdulaziz
Born1870
Died1938(1938-00-00) (aged 67–68)
Issue
List
  • Prince Fahd
  • Prince Saud
  • Prince Muhammad
  • Prince Nasir
  • Prince Abdulaziz
  • Prince Saad
  • Prince Abdul Muhsin
  • 20 others
Names
Abdullah bin Jiluwi bin Turki
HouseAl Saud
FatherJiluwi bin Turki Al Saud

Biography

Abdullah bin Jiluwi was born in 1870.[1] He was the grandson of the founder of the Second Saudi State, Turki bin Abdullah, and the son of Jiluwi bin Turki. Abdullah was a close companion of Abdulaziz bin Abdul Rahman, founder and first king of the modern Saudi Arabia. He was Abdulaziz's first cousin once removed, being a cousin of Abdulaziz's father Abdul Rahman bin Faisal.[2]

Abdullah bin Jiluwi accompanied his cousin Abdul Rahman bin Faisal in exile to Kuwait after the family's retreat from the capital at Riyadh.[3] Abdullah bin Jiluwi was a principal supporter in the raid on the Masmak Castle on 15 January 1902 which resulted in the recovery of Riyadh by Abdulaziz.[4][5] He killed Ajlan Al Shammar, the Rashidi governor, and saved the life of Abdulaziz in the battle for the fortress.[6] In addition, he was Abdulaziz's deputy commander and assisted him in capturing the Eastern Province in 1913.[7]

As the Saudi state was founded and consolidated, Abdullah bin Jiluwi was first appointed governor of Al Ahsa[8] and then governor of Al Qassim Province.[9] As governor of Al Ahsa, Abdullah had clashes with Ikhwan due to their moral vigilantism, which he considered a serious threat to the order.[10] Next he was transferred to the Eastern province (then known as Al Hasa province)[11] because Abdullah bin Jiluwi could not claim the succession and Abdulaziz's sons were not old enough to assume this responsibility.[12] However, Abdullah was the second most powerful member of the Al Sauds during this time after Abdulaziz himself.[9]

The province was ruled sternly and became almost a semi-independent family fiefdom. When Abdullah died in 1938, his son Saud succeeded him as governor. Saud bin Abdullah served as governor from 1938 to 1967.[12] Another son of Abdullah, Abdul Muhsin, served as the governor of the province from 1967 to 1985, when King Fahd appointed his own son Muhammad to the post.[12][13]

Death and personal life

Abdullah bin Jiluwi died in 1938[8] and one of his spouses, Wasmiyah Al Damir, married King Abdulaziz. They had no child from this marriage.[14] Abdullah also wed a woman from the Al Subai tribe.[15] His eldest son, Fahd, was killed by the Ajman tribe in May 1929 following the murder of Ajman tribe leader Dhaydan bin Hithlain.[16][17]

References
  1. Khalid Abdullah Krairi (October 2016). John Philby and his political roles in the Arabian Peninsula, 1917-1953 (PhD thesis). University of Birmingham. p. 203.
  2. Dawn Chatty (2006). Nomadic Societies in the Middle East And North Africa: Entering the 21st Century. Leiden: Brill. p. 370. ISBN 9004147926.
  3. "Ibn Saud retakes Riyadh (1)". King Abdulaziz Information Resources. Archived from the original on 15 April 2013. Retrieved 9 August 2012.
  4. Lawrence Paul Goldrup (1971). Saudi Arabia 1902 - 1932: The Development of a Wahhabi Society (PhD thesis). University of California, Los Angeles. p. 25. ISBN 9798657910797. ProQuest 302463650.
  5. "There were 40 of us". Aramco World. 2004. Archived from the original on 18 October 2006. Retrieved 11 August 2012.
  6. "Emir Saud bin Jiluwi". Out in the Blue. Archived from the original on 3 March 2001. Retrieved 8 August 2012.
  7. Talal Sha'yfan Muslat Al Azma (1999). The role of the Ikhwan under 'Abdul'Aziz Al Sa'ud 1916-1934 (PhD thesis). Durham University. p. 63.
  8. Toby Matthiesen (2015). "Centre–periphery relations and the emergence of a public sphere in Saudi Arabia: The municipal elections in the Eastern Province, 1954–1960". British Journal of Middle Eastern Studies. 42 (3): 320–338. doi:10.1080/13530194.2014.947242. S2CID 143821878.
  9. Mohammad Zaid Al Kahtani (December 2004). The Foreign Policy of King Abdulaziz (PhD thesis). University of Leeds.
  10. David Commins (2006). The Wahhabi Mission and Saudi Arabia. London; New York: I. B. Tauris. p. 75. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.1010.4254. ISBN 978-1-84511-080-2.
  11. Ghassane Salameh; Vivian Steir (October 1980). "Political Power and the Saudi State". MERIP (91): 5–22. doi:10.2307/3010946. JSTOR 3010946.
  12. Michael Herb (1999). All in the family. Albany, NY: State University of New York Press. p. 102. ISBN 0-7914-4168-7.
  13. Robert J. Pranger (1988). "The Dimension of American Foreign Policy in the Middle East". In Peter J. Chelkowski; Robert J. Pranger (eds.). Ideology and Power in the Middle East: Studies in Honor of George Lenczowski. Durham, NC; London: Duke University Press. ISBN 0822381508.
  14. "Wasmiyah Al Damir Biography". Datarabia. Retrieved 11 August 2012.
  15. John S. Habib (1970). The Ikhwan Movement of Najd: Its Rise, Development, and Decline (PhD thesis). University of Michigan. p. 70. ISBN 9781083431288. ProQuest 288186259.
  16. Gary Samuel Samore (1984). Royal Family Politics in Saudi Arabia (1953-1982) (PhD thesis). Harvard University. p. 40. ISBN 9798641924397. ProQuest 303295482.
  17. Hassan S. Abedin. Abdulaziz Al Saud and the Great Game in Arabia, 1896-1946 (PDF) (PhD thesis). King's College London. p. 193.
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