5th New Zealand Parliament

The 5th New Zealand Parliament was a term of the New Zealand Parliament. Elections for this term were held in 68 European electorates between 14 January and 23 February 1871. Elections in the four Māori electorates were held on 1 and 15 January 1871. A total of 78 MPs were elected. Parliament was prorogued in December 1875. During the term of this Parliament, six Ministries were in power.

5th Parliament of New Zealand
←4th Parliament 6th Parliament→
Overview
Legislative bodyNew Zealand Parliament
Term14 August 1871 – 21 October 1875
Election1871 New Zealand general election
GovernmentThird Fox ministry (until 1872)
Third Stafford ministry (1872)
Waterhouse ministry (1872–1873)
Fourth Fox ministry (1873)
First Vogel ministry (1873–1875)
Pollen ministry (from 1875)
House of Representatives
Members78
Speaker of the HouseDillon Bell
PremierJulius Vogel
— 8 April 1873 – 6 July 1875
William Fox
— 3 March 1873 – 8 April 1873

Edward Stafford
— 10 September 1872 – 11 October 1872
William Fox
— until 10 September 1872
Legislative Council
Members45 (at start)
44 (at end)
Speaker of the CouncilJohn Richardson
PremierDaniel Pollen
— from 6 July 1875

George Waterhouse
— 11 October 1872 – 3 March 1873
Sovereign
MonarchHM Victoria
GovernorHE The Marquess of Normanby
— HE Rt. Hon. Sir James Fergusson from 14 June 1873 until 3 December 1874
— HE Rt. Hon Sir George Bowen until 19 March 1873

Sessions

The fifth Parliament opened on 14 August 1871, following the 1871 general election. It sat for five sessions, and was prorogued on 6 December 1875.[1]

SessionOpenedAdjouned
first14 August 187116 November 1871
second16 July 187225 October 1872
third15 July 18733 October 1873
fourth3 July 187431 August 1874
fifth20 July 187521 October 1875

Historical context

Political parties had not been established yet; this only happened after the 1890 election. Anyone attempting to form an administration thus had to win support directly from individual MPs. This made first forming, and then retaining a government difficult and challenging.[2]

Ministries

Since June 1869, the third Fox Ministry was in power, led by Premier William Fox. On 10 September 1872, the third Stafford Ministry was formed, which lasted 13 months. This was followed by the Waterhouse Ministry, from 11 October 1872 to 3 March 1873. The fourth Fox Ministry was short lived, from 3 March 1873 to 8 April 1873. The first Vogel Ministry was in power from 8 April 1873 to 6 July 1875. It was succeeded by the Pollen Ministry, which lasted into the term of the sixth Parliament.[3][4]

Initial composition of the fifth Parliament

78 seats were created across the electorates.[5] 68 European electorates and 4 Māori electorates were defined by the Representation Act 1870. Six of the general electorates had two representatives, the rest were single member electorates. Hence, 78 MPs were elected.[6]

This compares to 61 electorates used in the previous general election in 1866, and 65 electorates after the Māori electorates were created in 1867. Electorates that were first formed for the 1871 elections were East Coast, Eden, Rodney, Thames, Waikato, Waitemata, Egmont, Manawatu, Buller, Grey Valley, Christchurch East, Christchurch West, Hokitika, Totara, Dunstan, Mount Ida, Tuapeka, Waitaki, Waikaia, and Wakatipu.[7]

Member Electorate Province MP's term Election date
Robert Rhodes Akaroa Canterbury First 26 January[8]
John Evans Brown Ashley Canterbury First 17 February[9]
Julius Vogel Auckland East Auckland Third 30 January[10]
Thomas Gillies Auckland West Auckland Fourth 6 February[11]
John Williamson Auckland West Auckland Fourth 6 February[12]
William Rolleston Avon Canterbury Second 13 January[13]
William Murray Bruce Otago First 28 January[14]
Eugene O'Conor Buller Canterbury First 4 February[15]
Richard Cantrell Caversham Otago First 25 January[16]
Henry Ingles Cheviot Canterbury First 27 January[17]
Jerningham Wakefield Christchurch East Canterbury Second 18 January[10]
Edward Richardson Christchurch West Canterbury First 19 January[8]
John Davies Ormond Clive Hawke's Bay Third 26 January[15]
James William Thomson Clutha Otago First 31 January[18]
John Karslake Karslake Coleridge Canterbury First 4 February[19]
Arthur Collins Collingwood Nelson Second 16 February[20]
William Reynolds DunedinCity of Dunedin Otago Third 20 January[8]
John Bathgate DunedinCity of Dunedin Otago First 20 January[21]
Thomas Luther Shepherd Dunstan Otago First 7 February[22]
William Kelly East Coast Auckland First 16 February[23]
Karaitiana Takamoana X-01Eastern Maori First 1 February[24]
Robert James Creighton Eden Auckland Third 31 January[25]
William Gisborne Egmont Taranaki First 18 January[11]
William Thorne Buckland Franklin Auckland Second 23 February[26]
Archibald Clark Franklin Auckland Third 23 February[27]
George Parker Gladstone Canterbury First 7 February[28]
Frederic Carrington Grey and Bell Taranaki Second 17 January[27]
William Henry Harrison Grey Valley Canterbury Second 26 January[29]
John Hall Heathcote Canterbury Third 14 January[30]
John White Hokitika Canterbury First 25 January[31]
William Fitzherbert Hutt Wellington Fourth 16 January[32]
William Henderson Calder Invercargill Southland First 24 January[16]
John Studholme Kaiapoi Canterbury Second 27 January[33]
Peacock, John Thomas LytteltonTown of Lyttelton Canterbury Second 16 January[34]
Walter Woods Johnston Manawatu Wellington First 4 February[19]
John Munro Marsden Auckland Third 30 January[14]
Dillon Bell Mataura Southland Fourth 11 February[21]
John McLeod Mongonui and Bay of Islands Auckland First 10 February[35]
David Monroa Motueka Nelson Fifth 10 February[36]
David Mervyn Mount Ida Otago Second 16 February[37]
Donald McLean Napier Hawke's Bay Second 19 January[35]
Martin Lightband Nelson CityCity of Nelson Nelson First 6 February[38]
Oswald Curtis Nelson CityCity of Nelson Nelson Second 6 February[25]
Ralph Richardson Nelson SuburbsSuburbs of Nelson Nelson First 7 February[8]
Thomas Kelly New Plymouth Taranaki Second 28 January[23]
William Swanson Newton Auckland First 25 January[33]
Wi Katene X-02Northern Maori First 15 February[23]
Maurice O'Rorke Onehunga Auckland Third 20 February[15]
Reader Wood Parnell Auckland Third 23 January[39]
Kenny, Courtney Picton Marlborough Second 27 January[23]
James Macandrew Port Chalmers Otago Fifth 15 February[40]
William Fox Rangitikei Wellington Fourth 3 February[41]
Lauchlan McGillivray Riverton Southland Second 27 January[42]
Harry Farnall Rodney Auckland Second 13 February[43]
Henry Driver Roslyn Otago Second 30 January[44]
William Reeves Selwyn Canterbury Second 1 February[45]
Hori Kerei Taiaroa X-03Southern Maori First 13 February[24]
Donald Reid Taieri Otago Second 3 February[45]
Charles O'Neill Thames Auckland Second 9 February[15]
Edward Stafford Timaru Canterbury Fourth 20 January[46]
George Henry Tribe Totara Westland First 8 February[47]
James Clark Brown Tuapeka Otago Second 13 February[9]
James Benn Bradshaw Waikaia Otago Second 9 February[48]
James McPherson Waikato Auckland First 10 February[35]
George McLean Waikouaiti Otago First 23 January[35]
Joseph Shephard Waimea Marlborough First 13 February[22]
Henry Bunny Wairarapa Wellington Third 28 January[26]
John Andrew Wairarapa Wellington First 28 January[49]
William Henry Eyes Wairau Marlborough Third 24 January[43]
William Steward Waitaki Otago First 3 February[46]
Thomas Henderson Waitemata Auckland Fourth 8 February[50]
Charles Edward Haughton Wakatipu Otago Third 25 January[29]
George Webster Wallace Otago Second 20 February[31]
John Bryce Wanganui Wellington Second 30 January[9]
George Hunter WellingtonCity of Wellington Wellington First 7 February[51]
Edward Pearce City of Wellington Wellington First 7 February[34]
Alfred Brandon Wellington Country Wellington Fourth 17 January[9]
Wiremu Parata X-04Western Maori First 13 February[28]

a Unseated on petition.

Changes during term

There were numerous changes during the term of the fifth Parliament.

By-electionElectorateDateIncumbentReasonWinner
1871 City of Auckland West 1 September John Williamson Election Invalid[52] John Williamson
1871 Roslyn 12 September Henry Driver Resignation Edward McGlashan
1872 Wairau 19 February William Henry Eyes Resignation Arthur Seymour
1872 Waikato 1 March James McPherson Resignation William Jackson
1872 Wakatipu 13 March Charles Edward Haughton Resignation Bendix Hallenstein
1872 Rodney 16 March Harry Farnall Resignation John Sheehan
1872 City of Nelson 27 May Martin Lightband Resignation David Luckie
1872 Waikouaiti 12 June George McLean Resignation David Monro
1872 Coleridge[53] 23 July John Karslake Resignation William Bluett
1872 Heathcote[54] 30 July John Hall Resignation John Wilson
1872 Caversham 28 August Richard Cantrell Resignation William Tolmie
1872 Egmont 3 October William Gisborne Resignation Harry Atkinson
1873 Suburbs of Nelson 14 May Ralph Richardson Resignation Andrew Richmond
1873 Lyttelton[55] 19 May John Peacock Resignation Henry Webb
1873 Invercargill 22 May William Henderson Calder Resignation John Cuthbertson
1873 Waikouaiti 23 July David Monro Resignation John Lillie Gillies
1873 Mongonui and
Bay of Islands		 24 July John McLeod Resignation John Williams
1873 Wakatipu 19 August Bendix Hallenstein Resignation Vincent Pyke
1873 Collingwood 9 December Arthur Collins Resignation William Gibbs
1874 Franklin 9 April Archibald Clark Resignation Joseph May
1874 (1st) Akaroa 20 April Robert Rhodes Resignation William Montgomery[56]
1874 City of Dunedin 23 April John Bathgate Resignation Nathaniel Wales
1874 Waitemata 3 August Thomas Henderson Resignation Gustav von der Heyde
1874 (2nd) Akaroa[57] 10 August William Montgomery Election invalid[58] William Montgomery
1874 Waitemata 16 September Gustav von der Heyde unseated on petition Gustav von der Heyde
1875 Kaiapoi 22 January John Studholme Resignation Charles Bowen
1875 (1st) City of Auckland West[59] 27 March Thomas Gillies Appointed to
Supreme Court		 George Grey
1875 (2nd) City of Auckland West 14 April John Williamson Death Patrick Dignan
1875 Rangitikei 24 April William Fox Resignation John Ballance
1875 Waikouaiti 3 May John Lillie Gillies Resignation George McLean
1875 Wairau 21 June Arthur Seymour Resignation Joseph Ward
1875 Wallace 6 August George Webster Death Christopher Basstian
1875 Caversham 20 August William Tolmie Death Robert Stout
Akaroa

Robert Heaton Rhodes resigned on 18 February 1874.[8] William Montgomery won the subsequent 24 April 1874 by-election. In July 1874, a select committee declared Montgomery's election to be "null and void", as he had a contract for the supply of railway sleepers with the general government in breach of election rules. The select committee accepted that the breach was inadvertent.[60] Montgomery stood for re-election in a 10 August 1874 by-election[61] and was returned unopposed.[62][36]

Caversham

Richard Cantrell resigned on 31 July 1872.[16] He was succeeded by William Tolmie in a 28 August 1872 by-election, and he served until his death on 8 August 1875.[47] Robert Stout, a later Prime Minister, first entered Parliament through the resulting 20 August 1875 by-election.[33]

Coleridge

John Karslake Karslake resigned on 12 April 1872 to return to England (he drowned on the voyage home on 21 June 1872).[63][64] William Bluett succeeded him through the 22 July 1872 by-election.[48]

Collingwood

Arthur Collins resigned on 8 October 1873.[20] The resulting 9 December 1873 by-election was won by William Gibbs.[11]

City of Dunedin

Bathgate resigned in 1874[21] and was succeeded by Nathaniel Wales.[10]

City of Nelson

Lightband resigned in 1872 to return to England.[10] He was succeeded by David Luckie.

Egmont

Gisborne resigned in 1872[11] and was succeeded by Harry Atkinson.[49]

Franklin

Clark resigned in 1874[27] and was succeeded by Joseph May.[37]

Notes
  1. Scholefield 1950, p. 68.
  2. King 2003, p. ?.
  3. King 2003, p. 533.
  4. Scholefield 1950, pp. 34–35.
  5. "General elections 1853–2005 – dates & turnout". Elections New Zealand. Archived from the original on 27 May 2010. Retrieved 6 June 2010.
  6. "Representation Act 1870". Retrieved 15 November 2010.
  7. McRobie 1989, pp. 33–40.
  8. Scholefield 1950, p. 135.
  9. Scholefield 1950, p. 97.
  10. Scholefield 1950, p. 145.
  11. Scholefield 1950, p. 108.
  12. Scholefield 1950, p. 148.
  13. Scholefield 1950, p. 136.
  14. Scholefield 1950, p. 128.
  15. Scholefield 1950, p. 130.
  16. Scholefield 1950, p. 99.
  17. Scholefield 1950, p. 116.
  18. Scholefield 1950, p. 143.
  19. Scholefield 1950, p. 117.
  20. Scholefield 1950, p. 101.
  21. Scholefield 1950, p. 95.
  22. Scholefield 1950, p. 139.
  23. Scholefield 1950, p. 118.
  24. Scholefield 1950, p. 142.
  25. Scholefield 1950, p. 102.
  26. Scholefield 1950, p. 98.
  27. Scholefield 1950, p. 100.
  28. Scholefield 1950, p. 131.
  29. Scholefield 1950, p. 112.
  30. Scholefield 1950, p. 111.
  31. Scholefield 1950, p. 147.
  32. Scholefield 1950, p. 106.
  33. Scholefield 1950, p. 141.
  34. Scholefield 1950, p. 132.
  35. Scholefield 1950, p. 124.
  36. Scholefield 1950, p. 127.
  37. Scholefield 1950, p. 126.
  38. Scholefield 1950, p. 120.
  39. Scholefield 1950, p. 149.
  40. Scholefield 1950, p. 121.
  41. Scholefield 1950, p. 107.
  42. Scholefield 1950, p. 122.
  43. Scholefield 1950, p. 105.
  44. Scholefield 1950, p. 104.
  45. Scholefield 1950, p. 134.
  46. Scholefield 1950, p. 140.
  47. Scholefield 1950, p. 144.
  48. Scholefield 1950, p. 96.
  49. Scholefield 1950, p. 93.
  50. Scholefield 1950, p. 113.
  51. Scholefield 1950, p. 115.
  52. "SOUTHERN TELEGRAMS". Daily Southern Cross. 19 August 1871. p. 3. Retrieved 2 February 2011.
  53. "COLERIDGE ELECTION". The Star. No. 1375. 24 July 1872. p. 2. Retrieved 14 April 2010.
  54. "Heathcote Election". The Star. No. 1381. 31 July 1872. p. Page 2. Retrieved 3 March 2010.
  55. "LYTTELTON ELECTION". The Star. No. 1634. 20 May 1873. p. 3. Retrieved 15 April 2010.
  56. "GENERAL ASSEMBLY". The Star. No. 1912. 21 April 1874. Retrieved 9 April 2010.
  57. "LATEST TELEGRAMS". The Star. No. 2006. 10 August 1874. Retrieved 9 April 2010.
  58. "House of Representatives". The Star. No. 1998. 31 July 1874. p. 2. Retrieved 9 April 2010.
  59. "AUCKLAND CITY WEST". No. 5490. Daily Southern Cross. 29 March 1875. p. 5. Retrieved 13 January 2011.
  60. "House of Representatives". The Star. No. 1998. 31 July 1874. p. 2. Retrieved 9 April 2010.
  61. "MR MONTGOMEEY AT AKAROA". The Star. No. 2005. 8 August 1874. Retrieved 9 April 2010.
  62. "LATEST TELEGRAMS". The Star. No. 2006. 10 August 1874. Retrieved 9 April 2010.
  63. "Monday, September 9, 1872". The Evening Post. Vol. VIII, no. 188. 9 September 1872. p. 2. Archived from the original on 14 July 2012. Retrieved 29 September 2010.
  64. Scholefield 1950, p. 1171.

References
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