34th Canadian Parliament
The 34th Canadian Parliament was in session from December 12, 1988, until September 8, 1993. The membership was set by the 1988 federal election on November 21, 1988, and it changed only somewhat due to resignations and by-elections until it was dissolved prior to the 1993 election.
| 34th Parliament of Canada | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Majority parliament | |||
| 12 December 1988 – 8 September 1993 | |||
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| Parliament leaders | |||
| Prime Minister | Rt. Hon. Brian Mulroney September 17, 1984 – June 25, 1993 | ||
| Rt. Hon. Kim Campbell June 25, 1993 – November 4, 1993 | |||
| Cabinets | 24th Canadian Ministry 25th Canadian Ministry | ||
| Leader of the Opposition | Rt. Hon. John Turner September 17, 1984 – February 7, 1990 | ||
| Hon. Herb Gray February 8, 1990 – December 20, 1990 | |||
| Hon. Jean Chrétien December 21, 1990 – October 24, 1993 | |||
| Party caucuses | |||
| Government | Progressive Conservative Party | ||
| Opposition | Liberal Party | ||
| Recognized | New Democratic Party | ||
| House of Commons | |||
 Seating arrangements of the House of Commons | |||
| Speaker of the Commons | Hon. John Allen Fraser September 30, 1986 – January 16, 1994 | ||
| Government House Leader | Hon. Don Mazankowski June 30, 1986 – December 30, 1988 | ||
| Hon. Doug Lewis April 3, 1989 – February 22, 1990 | |||
| Hon. Harvie Andre February 23, 1990 – June 24, 1993 | |||
| Hon. Doug Lewis June 25, 1993 – November 3, 1993 | |||
| Opposition House Leader | Hon. Herb Gray September 18, 1984 – February 7, 1990 | ||
| Hon. Jean-Robert Gauthier February 7, 1990 – January 29, 1991 | |||
| Hon. David Charles Dingwall January 30, 1991 – May 8, 1993 | |||
| Members | 295 MP seats List of members | ||
| Senate | |||
.svg.png.webp) Seating arrangements of the Senate | |||
| Speaker of the Senate | Hon. Guy Charbonneau November 2, 1984 – December 6, 1993 | ||
| Government Senate Leader | Hon. Lowell Murray June 30, 1986 – November 3, 1993 | ||
| Opposition Senate Leader | Hon. Allan MacEachen September 16, 1984 – November 30, 1991 | ||
| Hon. Royce Herbert Frith November 30, 1991 – October 25, 1993 | |||
| Senators | 104 senator seats List of senators | ||
| Sovereign | |||
| Monarch | Elizabeth II 6 February 1952 – 8 September 2022 | ||
| Sessions | |||
| 1st session December 12, 1988 – February 28, 1989 | |||
| 2nd session April 3, 1989 – May 12, 1991 | |||
| 3rd session May 13, 1991 – September 8, 1993 | |||
| |||
Brian Mulroney was Prime Minister during most of the 34th Canadian Parliament.
It was controlled by a Progressive Conservative Party majority, led first by Prime Minister Brian Mulroney and the 24th Canadian Ministry, and then Prime Minister Kim Campbell and the 25th Canadian Ministry. The official opposition was the Liberal Party, led first by John Turner, and after 1990, by Jean Chrétien.
The speaker of the House of Commons was John Allen Fraser. See also list of Canadian electoral districts 1987-1997 for a list of the ridings in this parliament.
There were three sessions of the 34th Parliament:
| Session | Start | End |
|---|---|---|
| 1st | December 12, 1988 | February 28, 1989 |
| 2nd | April 3, 1989 | May 12, 1991 |
| 3rd | May 13, 1991 | September 8, 1993 |
Party standings
 |
|---|
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The party standings as of the election and as of dissolution were as follows:
| Affiliation | House members | Senate members | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1988 election results |
At dissolution | On election day 1988[1] |
At dissolution | ||
| Progressive Conservative | 169 | 156 | 36 | 58 | |
| Liberal Party of Canada | 83 | 81 | 57 | 41 | |
| New Democratic Party | 43 | 44 | 0 | 0 | |
| Bloc Québécois | 0 | 10 | 0 | 0 | |
| Reform | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0** | |
| Independent | 0 | 3 | 5 | 5 | |
| Total members | 295 | 295 | 98 | 104 | |
| Vacant | 0 | 0 | 6 | 0 | |
| Total seats | 295 | 104*** | |||
* After dissolution but before turning over power to Kim Campbell, Brian Mulroney filled all Senate vacancies with Progressive Conservative members, for a total caucus of 58.
** There was one Reform senator in the middle of the 34th Parliament.
*** In the middle of the 34th Parliament, Brian Mulroney used a little-known clause in the constitution to fill the Senate above its normal seat limit by eight, to 112.
Members of the House of Commons
Members of the House of Commons in the 34th parliament arranged by province.
Newfoundland
Prince Edward Island
| Riding | Member | Political party | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cardigan | Lawrence MacAulay | Liberal | |
| Egmont | Joe McGuire | Liberal | |
| Hillsborough | George Proud | Liberal | |
| Malpeque | Catherine Callbeck | Liberal | |
Nova Scotia
- ¥ Pat Nowlan quit the Tory party on October 24, 1990, to protest against the introduction of the Goods and Services Tax. He sat as an "Independent Conservative" for the remainder of the parliament.
New Brunswick
| Riding | Member | Political party | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Beauséjour | Fernand Robichaud (until September 1990) | Liberal * | |
| Jean Chrétien (from December 1990) | Liberal * | ||
| Carleton—Charlotte | Greg Thompson | Progressive Conservative | |
| Fredericton | Bud Bird | Progressive Conservative | |
| Fundy—Royal | Robert Corbett | Progressive Conservative | |
| Gloucester | Doug Young | Liberal | |
| Madawaska—Victoria | Bernard Valcourt | Progressive Conservative | |
| Miramichi | Maurice Dionne | Liberal | |
| Moncton | George Rideout | Liberal | |
| Restigouche—Chaleur | Guy Arseneault | Liberal | |
| Saint John | Gerald Merrithew | Progressive Conservative | |
- * When Jean Chrétien was elected Liberal leader in 1990, Fernand Robichaud stepped aside 24 September 1990 to cause a by-election that would allow Chrétien to enter Parliament. Chrétien was elected in the December 10 by-election.
Quebec
- § Just before the 1993 election, Gilles Bernier left the Tories to sit as an independent
- † On May 5, 1990, seven Conservative and two Liberal MPs, led by Lucien Bouchard, left their parties to form the Bloc Québécois
- ‡ Richard Grisé left Parliament after being sentenced to jail for corruption. He was replaced by Philip Edmonston in a February 12, 1990 by-election.
- Ø Jean-Claude Malépart died in office on September 16, 1989. The next year he was replaced by Gilles Duceppe in a by-election.
- Δ On June 17, 1993, Denis Pronovost left the PC party to sit as an independent following conviction on criminal charges.
Ontario
- ± Ed Broadbent retired from politics and was replaced by Michael Breaugh on October 13, 1990, after a by-election.
Manitoba
Saskatchewan
Alberta
- ÷ John Dahmer died on November 26, 1988, after winning election but before being formally sworn in as a Member of Parliament. He was replaced by Deborah Grey in a 13 March 1989 by-election.
- ¥ Alex Kindy quit the Tory party on May 5, 1993, in protest over the GST. He sat as an Independent for the remainder of the parliament.
- ≈ David Kilgour quit the Tory party on October 24, 1990, in protest over the GST. He later joined the Liberals. (In 2005, he left the Liberals to sit as an independent.)
British Columbia
Northern Territories
| Riding | Member | Political party | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Western Arctic | Ethel Blondin-Andrew | Liberal | |
| Nunatsiaq | Jack Anawak | Liberal | |
| Yukon | Audrey McLaughlin | New Democrat | |
By-elections
| By-election | Date | Incumbent | Party | Winner | Party | Cause | Retained | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Beauséjour | December 10, 1990 | Fernand Robichaud | Liberal | Jean Chrétien | Liberal | Resignation to provide a seat for Chrétien | Yes | ||
| York North | December 10, 1990 | Maurizio Bevilacqua | Liberal | Maurizio Bevilacqua | Liberal | Election declared void | Yes | ||
| Oshawa | August 13, 1990 | Ed Broadbent | New Democratic | Mike Breaugh | New Democratic | Resignation | Yes | ||
| Laurier—Sainte-Marie | August 13, 1990 | Jean-Claude Malépart | Liberal | Gilles Duceppe | Independent | Death | No | ||
| Chambly | February 12, 1990 | Richard Grisé | Progressive Conservative | Phil Edmonston | New Democratic | Resignation | No | ||
| Beaver River | March 13, 1989 | John Dahmer | Progressive Conservative | Deborah Grey | Reform | Death (cancer) | No | ||
References
- Members of the Canadian Senate are appointed by the governor general on the advice of the prime minister and remain as senators until the age of 75, even if the House of Commons has been dissolved or an election has been called.
- Government of Canada. "24th Ministry". Guide to Canadian Ministries since Confederation. Privy Council Office. Retrieved 2006-11-09.
- Government of Canada. "25th Ministry". Guide to Canadian Ministries since Confederation. Privy Council Office. Retrieved 2006-11-09.
- Government of Canada. "34th Parliament". Members of the House of Commons: 1867 to Date: By Parliament. Library of Parliament. Archived from the original on 2006-12-20. Retrieved 2006-11-30.
- Government of Canada. "Duration of Sessions". Library of Parliament. Archived from the original on 2007-11-14. Retrieved 2006-05-12.
- Government of Canada. "General Elections". Library of Parliament. Archived from the original on 2006-05-04. Retrieved 2006-05-12.
- Government of Canada. "Key Dates for each Parliament". Library of Parliament. Archived from the original on 2005-09-14. Retrieved 2006-05-12.
- Government of Canada. "Leaders of the Opposition in the House of Commons". Library of Parliament. Archived from the original on 2007-03-11. Retrieved 2006-05-12.
- Government of Canada. "Party Standings (1974 to date): At the Senate". Library of Parliament. Retrieved 2007-04-24.
- Government of Canada. "Prime Ministers of Canada". Library of Parliament. Archived from the original on 27 April 2006. Retrieved 2006-05-12.
- Government of Canada. "Speakers". Library of Parliament. Archived from the original on 2006-09-17. Retrieved 2006-05-12.
Succession
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