19139 Apian

19139 Apian, provisional designation 1989 GJ8, is a bright background asteroid from the central regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 6 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 6 April 1989, by German astronomer Freimut Börngen at the Karl Schwarzschild Observatory in Tautenburg, Eastern Germany. The asteroid was named for medieval German humanist Petrus Apianus.[2][3]

19139 Apian
Discovery[1]
Discovered byF. Börngen
Discovery siteKarl Schwarzschild Obs.
Discovery date6 April 1989
Designations
(19139) Apian
Named after
Petrus Apianus[2][3]
(German humanist)
1989 GJ8 · 1999 XP18
main-belt · (middle)
background[4]
Orbital characteristics[1]
Epoch 4 September 2017 (JD 2458000.5)
Uncertainty parameter 0
Observation arc28.09 yr (10,261 days)
Aphelion2.7824 AU
Perihelion2.3841 AU
2.5832 AU
Eccentricity0.0771
4.15 yr (1,516 days)
105.06°
0° 14m 14.64s / day
Inclination8.0241°
48.222°
336.68°
Physical characteristics
Dimensions5.643±0.089 km[5]
0.265±0.039[5]
13.5[1]

    Orbit and classification

    Apian is a non-family asteroid from the main belt's background population.[4] It orbits the Sun in the central asteroid belt at a distance of 2.4–2.8 AU once every 4 years and 2 months (1,516 days; semi-major axis of 2.58 AU). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.08 and an inclination of 8° with respect to the ecliptic.[1]

    The body's observation arc begins with a precovery published in the Digitized Sky Survey and taken at Palomar Observatory in February 1989, approximately 2 months prior to its official discovery observation at Tautenburg.[3]

    Physical characteristics

    The asteroid's spectral type is unknown. Based on its albedo (see below), it is a stony rather than carbonaceous asteroid.

    Rotation period

    As of 2018, no rotational lightcurve of Apian has been obtained from photometric observations. The asteroid's rotation period, poles and shape remain unknown.[1][6]

    Diameter and albedo

    According to the survey carried out by the NEOWISE mission of NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer, Apian measures 5.643 kilometers in diameter and its surface has an albedo of 0.265.[5]

    Naming

    This minor planet was named after Petrus Apianus (1495–1552), also known as Peter Apian, a German mathematician and cartographer, who also built astronomical instruments. He is best known for his sky atlas Astronomicum Caesareum published in 1540. The lunar crater Apianus was also named in his honor.[2]

    The approved naming citation was published by the Minor Planet Center on 20 November 2002 (M.P.C. 47168).[7]

    References
    1. "JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 19139 Apian (1989 GJ8)" (2017-03-17 last obs.). Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Retrieved 3 January 2018.
    2. Schmadel, Lutz D. (2006). "(19139) Apian". Dictionary of Minor Planet Names – (19139) Apian. Springer Berlin Heidelberg. p. 856. doi:10.1007/978-3-540-29925-7_9543. ISBN 978-3-540-00238-3.
    3. "19139 Apian (1989 GJ8)". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved 3 January 2018.
    4. "Asteroid 19139 Apian – Proper Elements". AstDyS-2, Asteroids – Dynamic Site. Retrieved 29 October 2019.
    5. Masiero, Joseph R.; Mainzer, A. K.; Grav, T.; Bauer, J. M.; Cutri, R. M.; Dailey, J.; et al. (November 2011). "Main Belt Asteroids with WISE/NEOWISE. I. Preliminary Albedos and Diameters". The Astrophysical Journal. 741 (2): 20. arXiv:1109.4096. Bibcode:2011ApJ...741...68M. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/741/2/68. Retrieved 3 January 2018.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
    6. "LCDB Data for (19139) Apian". Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB). Retrieved 3 January 2018.
    7. "MPC/MPO/MPS Archive". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved 3 January 2018.

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