1860 in Wales

Centuries:	17th; 18th; 19th; 20th; 21st;
Decades:	1840s; 1850s; 1860s; 1870s; 1880s;
See also:	List of years in Wales; 1860 in The United Kingdom Scotland

This article is about the particular significance of the year 1860 to Wales and its people.

Incumbents

Lord Lieutenant of Anglesey – Henry Paget, 2nd Marquess of Anglesey[1][2][3][4]
Lord Lieutenant of Brecknockshire – John Lloyd Vaughan Watkins[5][6]
Lord Lieutenant of Caernarvonshire – Sir Richard Williams-Bulkeley, 10th Baronet[7]
Lord Lieutenant of Cardiganshire – Edward Pryse[8]
Lord Lieutenant of Carmarthenshire – John Campbell, 1st Earl Cawdor (until 7 November)[9]
Lord Lieutenant of Denbighshire – Robert Myddelton Biddulph[10]
Lord Lieutenant of Flintshire – Sir Stephen Glynne, 9th Baronet[11]
Lord Lieutenant of Glamorgan – Christopher Rice Mansel Talbot[12]
Lord Lieutenant of Merionethshire – Robert Davies Pryce[13]
Lord Lieutenant of Monmouthshire – Capel Hanbury Leigh[14]
Lord Lieutenant of Montgomeryshire – Thomas Hanbury-Tracy, 2nd Baron Sudeley
Lord Lieutenant of Pembrokeshire – Sir John Owen, 1st Baronet[15]
Lord Lieutenant of Radnorshire – John Walsh, 1st Baron Ormathwaite[16][2]

Events

28 February — A paddle steamer, Nimrod, is wrecked off St David's Head, and 45 people are killed.[25]
1 March — First section of Carmarthen and Cardigan Railway opens to a station in Carmarthen; on 3 September it extends over the course of what becomes known as the Gwili Railway to Conwil.
7 March — HMS Howe, the Royal Navy’s last, largest and fastest wooden first-rate three-decker ship of the line, is launched at Pembroke Dockyard but never completed for sea service.[26]
1 May — First section of Oswestry and Newtown Railway opens from Oswestry (Shropshire) to Pool Quay; on 14 August it extends to Welshpool and also opens between Abermule and Newtown. These lines have been built by David Davies Llandinam and Thomas Savin but on 29 October Davies dissolves their partnership.[27]
23 August — Consecration of Marble Church, Bodelwyddan.[28]
24 November — A statue of Henry Paget, 1st Marquess of Anglesey is added to the column built in his honour by Thomas Harrison earlier in the century.[29]
1 December — The sixth underground explosion in the Risca Black Vein Pit at Crosskeys in the Sirhowy Valley of Monmouthshire kills 142 coal miners.[30][31]
Discovery of Gwynfynydd Gold Mine gold mine at Dolgellau.
Founding of the Danygraig Copperworks.[32]
The Beaufort Tinplate Works is set up on the River Tawe by John Jones Jenkins, 1st Baron Glantawe.[33]
The Big Pit at Blaenavon begins producing coal.[34]
Nixon's Navigation Colliery at Mountain Ash opened, becoming the first true deep pit in South Wales.[35]
Principality Building Society established in Cardiff as the Principality Permanent Benefit Building and Investment Society.
Four gun batteries are installed on Flat Holm.
A mosque is founded in Cardiff Bay; it is sometimes incorrectly claimed as the first mosque in the UK.[36]
Excavation of Holyhead Mountain Hut Circles.
approx. date — Llanfairpwllgwyngyll on Anglesey adopts the long form of its name.

Arts and literature

Awards

At the Denbigh eisteddfod, a decision is made to launch a national eisteddfod.
An eisteddfod is held at Utica, New York.

New books

John Ceiriog Hughes — Oriau'r Hwyr
Thomas Phillips — The Welsh Revival: Its Origin and Development
William Rowlands — Dammeg y Mab Afradlon

Music

John Owen (Owain Alaw) — Gems of Welsh Melody (including the first Welsh lyric for March of the Men of Harlech, written by John Jones (Talhaiarn), and the first printing of Hen Wlad Fy Nhadau)[37]

Sport

The first bowls club in Wales is founded at Abergavenny.
Oswestry Town F.C. is founded.[38]

Births

21 February – Sir William Goscombe John, sculptor (died 1952)[39]
25 March – Jack Powell, footballer (died 1947
29 March – Edward Peake, Wales international rugby union player (died 1945)
14 April – Howell Elvet Lewis (Elved), poet and archdruid (died 1953)
19 April – William Penfro Rowlands, composer (died 1937)
12 May – Sir John Ballinger, librarian (died 1933)
24 May – Sir Ellis Ellis-Griffith, lawyer and politician (died 1926)
6 June – Sir Herbert Williams-Wynn, 7th Baronet (died 1944)
30 July – Richard Summers, Wales rugby union international (died 1941)
6 September – George Irby, 6th Baron Boston, landowner and scientist (died 1941)[40]
25 September – Thomas Francis Roberts, academic (died 1919)
31 December – Horace Lyne, Wales international rugby player and WRU president (died 1949)
date unknown
- Sir William Price (died 1938)

Deaths

26 January – Thomas Wood, politician, 82[41]
21 March – John Lloyd Davies, politician[42]
4 May – William Ormsby-Gore, politician, 81[43]
1 July – Robert Thomas, printer and newspaper proprietor who settled in Australia, 78[44]
17 July – Beti Cadwaladr, Crimea nurse, 71[45]
31 August – John Parker, clergyman and artist, 61[46]
7 November – John Campbell, 1st Earl Cawdor, Lord Lieutenant of Carmarthenshire, 69[9]
13 November – David Dale Owen, geologist in the USA, 53[47]
27 November – Richard Richards, politician, 73[48]

References

Edward Breese (1873). Kalendars of Gwynedd; or, Chronological lists of lords-lieutenant [&c.] ... for the counties of Anglesey, Caernarvon, and Merioneth. p. 24.
J.C. Sainty (1979). List of Lieutenants of Counties of England and Wales 1660-1974. London: Swift Printers (Sales) Ltd.
Nicholas, Thomas (1991). Annals and antiquities of the counties and county families of Wales. Baltimore: Genealogical Pub. Co. p. 695. ISBN 9780806313146.
Cylchgrawn Hanes Cymru. University of Wales Press. 1992. p. 169.
"Editorial". Welshman. 6 October 1865. Retrieved 17 January 2022.
Edwin Poole (1886). The Illustrated History and Biography of Brecknockshire from the Earliest Times to the Present Day: Containing the General History, Antiquities, Sepulchral Monuments and Inscriptions. Edwin Poole. p. 378.
Edward Breese (1873). Kalendars of Gwynedd; or, Chronological lists of lords-lieutenant [&c.] ... for the counties of Anglesey, Caernarvon, and Merioneth. p. 26.
Thomas John Hughes (1887). The Welsh magistracy, by Adfyfr. South Wales and Monmouthshire Liberal Federation Offices. p. 5.
"The Death of the Earl of Cawdor". Welshman. 9 November 1860. p. 4. Retrieved 20 February 2019.
"Myddelton Biddulph, Robert (1805-1872), of Chirk Castle, Denb. and 35 Grosvenor Place, Mdx". History of Parliament Online. Retrieved 5 December 2021.
"Glynne, Sir Stephen Richard, 9th bt. (1807-1874), of Hawarden Castle, Flint". History of Parliament Online. Retrieved 16 January 2022.
"TALBOT, Christopher Rice Mansel (1803-1890), of Penrice Castle and Margam Park, Glam". History of Parliament Online. Retrieved 18 January 2022.
Edward Breese (1873). Kalendars of Gwynedd; or, Chronological lists of lords-lieutenant [&c.] ... for the counties of Anglesey, Caernarvon, and Merioneth. p. 29.
Amy Audrey Locke (1916). The Hanbury Family. Arthur L. Humphreys. p. 147.
Thorne, R.G. "John Owen (1776-1861) of Orielton, Pembrokeshire". History of Parliament. Retrieved 27 March 2020.
Jonathan Williams (1859). The History of Radnorshire. R. Mason. p. 115.
Fryde, E. B. (1996). Handbook of British chronology. Cambridge England: New York Cambridge University Press. p. 292. ISBN 9780521563505.
Thomas Duffus Hardy (1854). Fasti Ecclesiae Anglicanae: Or A Calendar of the Principal Ecclesiastical Dignitaries in England and Wales... University Press. p. 305.
Frederick Arthur Crisp; Joseph Jackson Howard (1898). Visitation of England and Wales. p. 15.
Thomas Duffus Hardy (1854). Fasti Ecclesiae Anglicanae: Or A Calendar of the Principal Ecclesiastical Dignitaries in England and Wales... University Press. p. 307.
Nicholas Harris Nicolas (1857). The historic peerage of England: Revised, corrected, and continued ... by William Courthope. John Murray. p. 533.
The Apostolical Succession in the Church of England. James Parkes and Company. 1866. p. 15.
Old Yorkshire, volume 3. 1882. p. 90.
The Monthly Review Or Literary Journal Enlarged. Porter. 1780. p. 95.
"Loss of the Nimrod, Liverpool and Cork steamer, with all on board". Daily Southern Cross. 29 May 1860. Retrieved 27 July 2019.
Howard J. Fuller (2008). Clad in Iron: The American Civil War and the Challenge of British Naval Power. Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 16. ISBN 978-0-313-34590-6.
Christiansen, Rex; Miller, R. W. (1971). The Cambrian Railways. Vol. 1 (new ed.). Newton Abbot: David & Charles. pp. 31–2. ISBN 0-7153-5236-9.
John Hicklin (of Chester.) (1863). The illustrated hand-book of North Wales: being the 5th ed. of Hemingway's Panorama, with revisions and additions. p. 50.
Gwyn Headley; Wim Meulenkamp (1999). Follies, Grottoes & Garden Buildings. Aurum. p. 94. ISBN 978-1-85410-625-4.
Jukes, Tony. "The development of Risca". Risca Industrial History Museum & OHIHS. Archived from the original on 29 September 2013. Retrieved 18 October 2010.
"Risca Colliery". CoalHouse. BBC. 2008. Retrieved 18 October 2010.
Charles Wilkins (of Merthyr-Tydfil.) (1903). The history of the iron, steel, tinplate and ... other trades of Wales: with descriptive sketches of the land and the people during the great industrial era under review. p. 371.
John Newman; Stephen R. Hughes; Anthony Ward (1995). Glamorgan: (Mid Glamorgan, South Glamorgan and West Glamorgan). Penguin Books. p. 398. ISBN 978-0-14-071056-4.
Industrial Archaeology. David & Charles. 1988. p. 58.
Evans, Jonathan (2010). "The Age of Coal". People, Politics and Print (PDF) (Ph.D). ProQuest. Retrieved 29 April 2014.
Sophie Gilliat-Ray (10 June 2010). Muslims in Britain. Cambridge University Press. p. 36. ISBN 978-0-521-53688-2.
Alison Latham (2004). The Oxford Dictionary of Musical Works. Oxford University Press. p. 91. ISBN 978-0-19-861020-5.
"Club information". The New Saints of Oswestry Town F.C. Retrieved 26 January 2022.
Paul Joyner. "John, Sir William Goscombe (1860-1952), sculptor and medallist". Dictionary of Welsh Biography. National Library of Wales. Retrieved 15 October 2019.
Emyr Gwynne Jones (2001). "Irby, George Florance, 6th Baron Boston (1860-1941), landowner and scientist". Dictionary of Welsh Biography. National Library of Wales. Retrieved 26 January 2022.
Thomas Wood, M.P., Parliamentary Representative for Brecknockshire, 1806-47. Brecknock Museum Publication. 1978. p. 31.
Williams, Griffith John. "John Lloyd Davies". Dictionary of Welsh Biography. National Library of Wales. Retrieved 18 July 2017.
"Ormsby Gore (formerly Gore), William (1779-1860), of Porkington, Oswestry, Salop and Woodford, co. Leitrim". History of Parliament Online. Retrieved 26 January 2022.
Mennell, Philip (1892). "Thomas, Robert" . The Dictionary of Australasian Biography. London: Hutchinson & Co – via Wikisource.
"Davis, Elizabeth (1789-1860), Crimean nurse". Dictionary of Welsh Biography. National Library of Wales. Retrieved 13 March 2019.
William Llewelyn Davies. "Parker, John (1798-1860), cleric and artist". Dictionary of Welsh Biography. National Library of Wales. Retrieved 16 November 2019.
Estabrook, Arthur H. (1923). "The Family History of Robert Owen". Indiana Magazine of History. Bloomington: Indiana University. 19 (1): 63–101. Retrieved 29 August 2017.
Nobody's Friends, London (1885). The Club of "Nobody's Friends,": Since Its Foundation on 21 June 1800, to. p. 41.

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[1] Edward Breese (1873). Kalendars of Gwynedd; or, Chronological lists of lords-lieutenant [&c.] ... for the counties of Anglesey, Caernarvon, and Merioneth. p. 24.

[Sainty-2] J.C. Sainty (1979). List of Lieutenants of Counties of England and Wales 1660-1974. London: Swift Printers (Sales) Ltd.

[3] Nicholas, Thomas (1991). Annals and antiquities of the counties and county families of Wales. Baltimore: Genealogical Pub. Co. p. 695. ISBN 9780806313146.

[4] Cylchgrawn Hanes Cymru. University of Wales Press. 1992. p. 169.

[5] "Editorial". Welshman. 6 October 1865. Retrieved 17 January 2022.

[6] Edwin Poole (1886). The Illustrated History and Biography of Brecknockshire from the Earliest Times to the Present Day: Containing the General History, Antiquities, Sepulchral Monuments and Inscriptions. Edwin Poole. p. 378.

[7] Edward Breese (1873). Kalendars of Gwynedd; or, Chronological lists of lords-lieutenant [&c.] ... for the counties of Anglesey, Caernarvon, and Merioneth. p. 26.

[8] Thomas John Hughes (1887). The Welsh magistracy, by Adfyfr. South Wales and Monmouthshire Liberal Federation Offices. p. 5.

[W_9-11-60_Cawdor_obit-9] "The Death of the Earl of Cawdor". Welshman. 9 November 1860. p. 4. Retrieved 20 February 2019.

[10] "Myddelton Biddulph, Robert (1805-1872), of Chirk Castle, Denb. and 35 Grosvenor Place, Mdx". History of Parliament Online. Retrieved 5 December 2021.

[11] "Glynne, Sir Stephen Richard, 9th bt. (1807-1874), of Hawarden Castle, Flint". History of Parliament Online. Retrieved 16 January 2022.

[12] "TALBOT, Christopher Rice Mansel (1803-1890), of Penrice Castle and Margam Park, Glam". History of Parliament Online. Retrieved 18 January 2022.

[13] Edward Breese (1873). Kalendars of Gwynedd; or, Chronological lists of lords-lieutenant [&c.] ... for the counties of Anglesey, Caernarvon, and Merioneth. p. 29.

[14] Amy Audrey Locke (1916). The Hanbury Family. Arthur L. Humphreys. p. 147.

[15] Thorne, R.G. "John Owen (1776-1861) of Orielton, Pembrokeshire". History of Parliament. Retrieved 27 March 2020.

[16] Jonathan Williams (1859). The History of Radnorshire. R. Mason. p. 115.

[17] Fryde, E. B. (1996). Handbook of British chronology. Cambridge England: New York Cambridge University Press. p. 292. ISBN 9780521563505.

[Fasti305-18] Thomas Duffus Hardy (1854). Fasti Ecclesiae Anglicanae: Or A Calendar of the Principal Ecclesiastical Dignitaries in England and Wales... University Press. p. 305.

[19] Frederick Arthur Crisp; Joseph Jackson Howard (1898). Visitation of England and Wales. p. 15.

[Fasti307-20] Thomas Duffus Hardy (1854). Fasti Ecclesiae Anglicanae: Or A Calendar of the Principal Ecclesiastical Dignitaries in England and Wales... University Press. p. 307.

[21] Nicholas Harris Nicolas (1857). The historic peerage of England: Revised, corrected, and continued ... by William Courthope. John Murray. p. 533.

[22] The Apostolical Succession in the Church of England. James Parkes and Company. 1866. p. 15.

[23] Old Yorkshire, volume 3. 1882. p. 90.

[24] The Monthly Review Or Literary Journal Enlarged. Porter. 1780. p. 95.

[25] "Loss of the Nimrod, Liverpool and Cork steamer, with all on board". Daily Southern Cross. 29 May 1860. Retrieved 27 July 2019.

[26] Howard J. Fuller (2008). Clad in Iron: The American Civil War and the Challenge of British Naval Power. Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 16. ISBN 978-0-313-34590-6.

[27] Christiansen, Rex; Miller, R. W. (1971). The Cambrian Railways. Vol. 1 (new ed.). Newton Abbot: David & Charles. pp. 31–2. ISBN 0-7153-5236-9.

[28] John Hicklin (of Chester.) (1863). The illustrated hand-book of North Wales: being the 5th ed. of Hemingway's Panorama, with revisions and additions. p. 50.

[29] Gwyn Headley; Wim Meulenkamp (1999). Follies, Grottoes & Garden Buildings. Aurum. p. 94. ISBN 978-1-85410-625-4.

[30] Jukes, Tony. "The development of Risca". Risca Industrial History Museum & OHIHS. Archived from the original on 29 September 2013. Retrieved 18 October 2010.

[31] "Risca Colliery". CoalHouse. BBC. 2008. Retrieved 18 October 2010.

[32] Charles Wilkins (of Merthyr-Tydfil.) (1903). The history of the iron, steel, tinplate and ... other trades of Wales: with descriptive sketches of the land and the people during the great industrial era under review. p. 371.

[33] John Newman; Stephen R. Hughes; Anthony Ward (1995). Glamorgan: (Mid Glamorgan, South Glamorgan and West Glamorgan). Penguin Books. p. 398. ISBN 978-0-14-071056-4.

[34] Industrial Archaeology. David & Charles. 1988. p. 58.

[35] Evans, Jonathan (2010). "The Age of Coal". People, Politics and Print (PDF) (Ph.D). ProQuest. Retrieved 29 April 2014.

[36] Sophie Gilliat-Ray (10 June 2010). Muslims in Britain. Cambridge University Press. p. 36. ISBN 978-0-521-53688-2.

[37] Alison Latham (2004). The Oxford Dictionary of Musical Works. Oxford University Press. p. 91. ISBN 978-0-19-861020-5.

[38] "Club information". The New Saints of Oswestry Town F.C. Retrieved 26 January 2022.

[39] Paul Joyner. "John, Sir William Goscombe (1860-1952), sculptor and medallist". Dictionary of Welsh Biography. National Library of Wales. Retrieved 15 October 2019.

[40] Emyr Gwynne Jones (2001). "Irby, George Florance, 6th Baron Boston (1860-1941), landowner and scientist". Dictionary of Welsh Biography. National Library of Wales. Retrieved 26 January 2022.

[41] Thomas Wood, M.P., Parliamentary Representative for Brecknockshire, 1806-47. Brecknock Museum Publication. 1978. p. 31.

[42] Williams, Griffith John. "John Lloyd Davies". Dictionary of Welsh Biography. National Library of Wales. Retrieved 18 July 2017.

[43] "Ormsby Gore (formerly Gore), William (1779-1860), of Porkington, Oswestry, Salop and Woodford, co. Leitrim". History of Parliament Online. Retrieved 26 January 2022.

[44] Mennell, Philip (1892). "Thomas, Robert" . The Dictionary of Australasian Biography. London: Hutchinson & Co – via Wikisource.

[45] "Davis, Elizabeth (1789-1860), Crimean nurse". Dictionary of Welsh Biography. National Library of Wales. Retrieved 13 March 2019.

[46] William Llewelyn Davies. "Parker, John (1798-1860), cleric and artist". Dictionary of Welsh Biography. National Library of Wales. Retrieved 16 November 2019.

[47] Estabrook, Arthur H. (1923). "The Family History of Robert Owen". Indiana Magazine of History. Bloomington: Indiana University. 19 (1): 63–101. Retrieved 29 August 2017.

[48] Nobody's Friends, London (1885). The Club of "Nobody's Friends,": Since Its Foundation on 21 June 1800, to. p. 41.