July 14
July 14 is the 195th day of the year (196th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar; 170 days remain until the end of the year.
| << | July | >> | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Su | Mo | Tu | We | Th | Fr | Sa |
| 1 | ||||||
| 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 |
| 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 |
| 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 |
| 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 |
| 30 | 31 | |||||
| 2023 | ||||||
| July 14 in recent years |
| 2023 (Friday) |
| 2022 (Thursday) |
| 2021 (Wednesday) |
| 2020 (Tuesday) |
| 2019 (Sunday) |
| 2018 (Saturday) |
| 2017 (Friday) |
| 2016 (Thursday) |
| 2015 (Tuesday) |
| 2014 (Monday) |
Events
Pre-1600
- 982 – King Otto II and his Frankish army are defeated by the Muslim army of al-Qasim at Cape Colonna, Southern Italy.[1]
- 1223 – Louis VIII becomes King of France upon the death of his father, Philip II.[2]
- 1420 – Battle of Vítkov Hill, decisive victory of Czech Hussite forces commanded by Jan Žižka against Crusade army led by Sigismund, Holy Roman Emperor.[3]
- 1430 – Joan of Arc, taken by the Burgundians in May, is handed over to Pierre Cauchon, the bishop of Beauvais.[4]
- 1596 – Anglo-Spanish War: English and Dutch troops sack the Spanish city of Cádiz before leaving the next day.[5]
1601–1900
- 1769 – An expedition led by Gaspar de Portolá leaves its base in San Diego and sets out to find the Port of Monterey (now Monterey, California).[6]
- 1771 – Foundation of the Mission San Antonio de Padua in modern California by the Franciscan friar Junípero Serra.[7]
- 1789 – Storming of the Bastille in Paris. This event escalates the widespread discontent into the French Revolution.[8] Bastille Day is still celebrated annually in France.[9]
- 1790 – Inaugural Fête de la Fédération is held to celebrate the unity of the French people and the national reconciliation.[10]
- 1791 – Beginning of Priestley Riots (to 17 July) in Birmingham targeting Joseph Priestley as a supporter of the French Revolution.[11]
- 1798 – The Sedition Act of 1798 becomes law in the United States making it a federal crime to write, publish, or utter false or malicious statements about the United States government.[12]
- 1808 – The Finnish War: the Battle of Lapua is fought.[13]
- 1853 – Opening of the first major US world's fair, the Exhibition of the Industry of All Nations in New York City.[14]
- 1865 – The first ascent of the Matterhorn is completed by Edward Whymper and his party, four of whom die on the descent.[15]
- 1874 – The Chicago Fire of 1874 burns down 47 acres of the city, destroying 812 buildings, killing 20, and resulting in the fire insurance industry demanding municipal reforms from Chicago's city council.[16]
- 1881 – American outlaw Billy the Kid is shot and killed by Sheriff Pat Garrett in the Maxwell House at Fort Sumner, New Mexico.[17]
- 1900 – Armies of the Eight-Nation Alliance capture Tientsin during the Boxer Rebellion.[18]
1901–present
- 1902 – Peruvian explorer and farmer Agustín Lizárraga discovers Machu Picchu, the "Lost City of the Incas".[19]
- 1902 – The Campanile in St Mark's Square, Venice collapses, also demolishing the loggetta.[20]
- 1911 – Harry Atwood, an exhibition pilot for the Wright brothers, is greeted by President Taft after he lands his aeroplane on the South Lawn of the White House, having flown from Boston.[21][22]
- 1915 – Beginning of the McMahon–Hussein Correspondence between Hussein bin Ali, Sharif of Mecca and the British official Henry McMahon concerning the Arab Revolt against the Ottoman Empire.[23]
- 1916 – Battle of Delville Wood begins as an action within the Battle of the Somme, lasting until 3 September 1916.[24][25]
- 1933 – In a decree called the Gleichschaltung, Adolf Hitler abolishes all German political parties except the Nazis.[26]
- 1933 – Nazi eugenics programme begins with the proclamation of the Law for the Prevention of Hereditarily Diseased Offspring requiring the compulsory sterilization of any citizen who suffers from alleged genetic disorders.[27]
- 1943 – In Diamond, Missouri, the George Washington Carver National Monument becomes the first United States National Monument in honor of an African American.[28]
- 1948 – Palmiro Togliatti, leader of the Italian Communist Party, is shot and wounded near the Italian Parliament.[29]
- 1950 – Korean War: beginning of the Battle of Taejon.[30]
- 1951 – Ferrari take their first Formula One grand prix victory at the British Grand Prix at Silverstone.[31]
- 1957 – Rawya Ateya takes her seat in the National Assembly of Egypt, thereby becoming the first female parliamentarian in the Arab world.[32]
- 1958 – In the 14 July Revolution in Iraq, the monarchy is overthrown by popular forces led by Abd al-Karim Qasim, who becomes the nation's new leader.[33]
- 1960 – Jane Goodall arrives at the Gombe Stream Reserve in present-day Tanzania to begin her study of chimpanzees in the wild.[34]
- 1960 – Northwest Orient Airlines Flight 1-11 ditches off Polillo Island in the Philippines, killing one person and injuring 44.[35]
- 1965 – Mariner 4 flyby of Mars takes the first close-up photos of another planet. The photographs take approximately six hours to be transmitted back to Earth.[36]
- 1983 – Mario Bros. is released in Japan, beginning the popular Super Mario Bros franchise.[37][38]
- 2002 – French president Jacques Chirac escapes an assassination attempt from Maxime Brunerie during a Bastille Day parade at Champs-Élysées.[39]
- 2013 – Dedication of statue of Rachel Carson, a sculpture named for the environmentalist, in Woods Hole, Massachusetts.[40]
- 2015 – NASA's New Horizons probe performs the first flyby of Pluto, and thus completes the initial survey of the Solar System.[41][42][43]
- 2016 – A man ploughs a truck into a Bastille Day celebration in Nice, France, killing 86 people and injuring another 434 before being shot by police.[44]
Births
Pre-1600
- 926 – Murakami, emperor of Japan (d. 967)
- 1410 – Arnold, Duke of Guelders, (d. 1473)
- 1454 – Poliziano, Italian poet and scholar (d. 1494)
- 1515 – Philip I, Duke of Pomerania (d. 1560)
1601–1900
- 1602 – Cardinal Jules Mazarin, Italian-French cardinal and politician, chief minister of France from 5 December 1642 to 9 March 1661 (d. 1661)[45]
- 1608 – George Goring, Lord Goring, English general (d. 1657)
- 1610 – Ferdinando II de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany (d. 1670)
- 1634 – Pasquier Quesnel, French priest and theologian (d. 1719)[46]
- 1671 – Jacques d'Allonville, French astronomer and mathematician (d. 1732)
- 1675 – Claude Alexandre de Bonneval, French general (d. 1747)
- 1696 – William Oldys, English historian and author (d. 1761)[47]
- 1721 – John Douglas, Scottish bishop and scholar (d. 1807)[48]
- 1743 – Gavrila Derzhavin, Russian poet and politician (d. 1816)
- 1755 – Michel de Beaupuy, French general (d. 1796)
- 1785 – Mordecai Manuel Noah, American journalist, playwright, and diplomat (d. 1851)
- 1801 – Johannes Peter Müller, German physiologist and anatomist (d. 1858)
- 1816 – Arthur de Gobineau, French writer who founded Gobinism to promote development of racism (d. 1882)[49]
- 1825 – Georgiana Hill, English cookery book writer (d. 1903)[50]
- 1829 – Edward Benson, English archbishop (d. 1896)
- 1859 – Willy Hess, German violinist and educator (d. 1928)
- 1861 – Kate M. Gordon, American activist (d. 1931)
- 1862 – Florence Bascom, American geologist and educator (d. 1945)[51]
- 1862 – Gustav Klimt, Austrian painter and illustrator (d. 1918)[52]
- 1865 – Arthur Capper, American journalist and politician, 20th Governor of Kansas (d. 1951)
- 1866 – Juliette Wytsman, Belgian painter (d. 1925)
- 1868 – Gertrude Bell, English archaeologist and political officer (d. 1926)[53]
- 1872 – Albert Marque, French sculptor and doll maker (d. 1939)
- 1874 – Abbas II of Egypt (d. 1944)
- 1874 – Crawford Vaughan, Australian politician, 27th Premier of South Australia (d. 1947)
- 1878 – Donald Meek, Scottish-American stage and film actor (d. 1946)[54]
- 1885 – Sisavang Vong, Laotian king (d. 1959)
- 1888 – Scipio Slataper, Italian author and critic (d. 1915)
- 1889 – Marco de Gastyne, French painter and illustrator (d. 1982)
- 1889 – Ante Pavelić, Croatian fascist dictator during World War II (d. 1959)
- 1893 – Clarence J. Brown, American publisher and politician, 36th Lieutenant Governor of Ohio (d. 1965)
- 1893 – Garimella Satyanarayana, Indian poet and author (d. 1952)
- 1894 – Dave Fleischer, American animator, director, and producer (d. 1979)
- 1896 – Buenaventura Durruti, Spanish soldier and anarchist (d. 1936)
- 1897 – Plaek Phibunsongkhram, Thai military officer and politician, 3rd Prime Minister of Thailand (d. 1964)[55]
- 1898 – Happy Chandler, American lawyer and politician, 49th Governor of Kentucky, second Commissioner of Baseball (d. 1991)
1901–present
- 1901 – Gerald Finzi, English composer and academic (d. 1956)[56]
- 1903 – Irving Stone, American author and educator (d. 1989)[57]
- 1907 – Chico Landi, Brazilian racing driver (d. 1989)
- 1910 – William Hanna, American animator, director, producer, and actor, co-founded Hanna-Barbera (d. 2001)
- 1911 – Pavel Prudnikau, Belarusian poet and author (d. 2000)
- 1912 – Woody Guthrie, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 1967)[58]
- 1913 – Gerald Ford, American commander, lawyer, and politician, 38th President of the United States (d. 2006)[59]
- 1918 – Fred Baur, American chemist and founder of Pringles (d. 2008)[60]
- 1918 – Ingmar Bergman, Swedish director, producer, and screenwriter (d. 2007)[61]
- 1918 – Arthur Laurents, American director, screenwriter, and playwright (d. 2011)
- 1918 – Jay Wright Forrester, American computer engineer and systems scientist (d. 2016)[62]
- 1920 – Shankarrao Chavan, Indian lawyer and politician, Indian Minister of Finance (d. 2004)
- 1921 – Sixto Durán Ballén, American-Ecuadorian architect and politician, 48th President of Ecuador (d. 2016)
- 1921 – Leon Garfield, English author (d. 1996)
- 1921 – Armand Gaudreault, Canadian ice hockey player (d. 2013)
- 1921 – Geoffrey Wilkinson, English chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1996)
- 1922 – Robin Olds, American general and pilot (d. 2007)
- 1922 – Elfriede Rinkel, German SS officer (d. 2018)
- 1922 – Käbi Laretei, Estonian-Swedish concert pianist (d. 2014)
- 1923 – René Favaloro, Argentine surgeon and cardiologist (d. 2000)[63]
- 1923 – Dale Robertson, American actor (d. 2013)
- 1923 – Robert Zildjian, American businessman, founded Sabian (d. 2013)
- 1924 – Warren Giese, American football player, coach, and politician (d. 2013)
- 1925 – Bruce L. Douglas, American politician
- 1926 – Wallace Jones, American basketball player and coach (d. 2014)
- 1926 – Harry Dean Stanton, American actor, musician, and singer (d. 2017)
- 1926 – Himayat Ali Shair, Urdu poet (d. 2019)
- 1927 – John Chancellor, American journalist (d. 1996)
- 1927 – Mike Esposito, American author and illustrator (d. 2010)
- 1928 – Nancy Olson, American actress
- 1928 – William Rees-Mogg, English journalist and public servant (d. 2012)[64]
- 1930 – Polly Bergen, American actress and singer (d. 2014)[65]
- 1930 – Benoît Sinzogan, Beninese military officer and politician (d. 2021)
- 1931 – Jacqueline de Ribes, French fashion designer and philanthropist
- 1932 – Rosey Grier, American football player and actor
- 1932 – Del Reeves, American country singer-songwriter (d. 2007)
- 1933 – Robert Bourassa, Canadian lawyer and politician, 22nd Premier of Quebec (d. 1996)
- 1933 – Dumaagiin Sodnom, Mongolian politician; 13th Prime Minister of Mongolia
- 1936 – Robert F. Overmyer, American colonel, pilot, and astronaut (d. 1996)
- 1937 – Yoshiro Mori, Japanese journalist and politician, 55th Prime Minister of Japan
- 1938 – Jerry Rubin, American activist, author, and businessman (d. 1994)
- 1938 – Tommy Vig, Hungarian vibraphone player, drummer, and composer
- 1939 – Karel Gott, Czech singer-songwriter and actor (d. 2019)
- 1939 – George Edgar Slusser, American scholar and author (d. 2014)
- 1940 – Susan Howatch, English author and academic
- 1941 – Maulana Karenga, American philosopher, author, and activist, created Kwanzaa
- 1941 – Andreas Khol, German-Austrian lawyer and politician
- 1942 – Javier Solana, Spanish physicist and politician, Spanish Minister of Foreign Affairs
- 1945 – Jim Gordon, American rock drummer and convicted murderer (d. 2023)[66]
- 1946 – John Wood, Australian actor and screenwriter
- 1947 – John Blackman, Australian radio and television presenter
- 1947 – Claudia J. Kennedy, American general
- 1947 – Salih Neftçi, Turkish economist and author (d. 2009)
- 1947 – Navin Ramgoolam, Mauritius physician and politician, 3rd Prime Minister of Mauritius
- 1948 – Goodwill Zwelithini kaBhekuzulu, Zulu king (d. 2021)
- 1949 – Tommy Mottola, American businessman and music publisher
- 1950 – Bruce Oldfield, English fashion designer
- 1960 – Anna Bligh, Australian politician, 37th Premier of Queensland[67]
- 1960 – Kyle Gass, American musician, comedian, and actor[68]
- 1960 – Angélique Kidjo, Beninese singer-songwriter, activist and actress[69]
- 1960 – Jane Lynch, American actress (Glee), comedian, author, and game show host[70]
- 1961 – Jackie Earle Haley, American actor and director[71]
- 1966 – Matthew Fox, American actor[72]
- 1967 – Robin Ventura, American baseball player[73]
- 1971 – Bubba Ray Dudley, American professional wrestler[74]
- 1975 – Tim Hudson, American baseball player[73]
- 1977 – Victoria, Crown Princess of Sweden[75]
- 1984 – Samir Handanović, Slovenian footballer[76]
- 1985 – Darrelle Revis, American football player[77]
- 1985 – Phoebe Waller-Bridge, English actress and screenwriter[78]
- 1986 – Dan Smith, British singer, songwriter and record producer[79]
- 1987 – Adam Johnson, English footballer[80]
- 1987 – Dan Reynolds, American singer-songwriter[68]
- 1988 – Conor McGregor, Irish mixed martial artist[81]
- 1988 – Jérémy Stravius, French swimmer[82]
Deaths
Pre-1600
- 664 – Eorcenberht, king of Kent[83]
- 809 – Otomo no Otomaro, Japanese general and Shogun (b. 731)
- 850 – Wei Fu, chancellor of the Tang Dynasty
- 937 – Arnulf I, duke of Bavaria
- 1223 – Philip II, king of France (b. 1165)[2]
- 1262 – Richard de Clare, 6th Earl of Gloucester, English soldier (b. 1222)
- 1486 – Margaret of Denmark, daughter of Christian I of Denmark (b. 1456)
- 1526 – John de Vere, 14th Earl of Oxford, English peer, landowner, and Lord Great Chamberlain of England (b. 1499)
- 1575 – Richard Taverner, English translator (b. 1505)
1601–1900
- 1614 – Camillus de Lellis, Italian priest and saint (b. 1550)
- 1723 – Claude Fleury, French historian and author (b. 1640)
- 1742 – Richard Bentley, English scholar and theologian (b. 1662)
- 1774 – James O'Hara, 2nd Baron Tyrawley, Irish field marshal (b. 1682)
- 1780 – Charles Batteux, French philosopher and academic (b. 1713)
- 1789 – Jacques de Flesselles, French politician (b. 1721)
- 1789 – Bernard-René de Launay, French politician (b. 1740)
- 1790 – Ernst Gideon von Laudon, Austrian field marshal (b. 1717)
- 1809 – Nicodemus the Hagiorite, Greek monk and saint (b. 1749)
- 1816 – Francisco de Miranda, Venezuelan general (b. 1750)
- 1817 – Germaine de Staël, French philosopher and author (b. 1766)
- 1827 – Augustin-Jean Fresnel, French physicist and engineer, reviver of wave theory of light, inventor of catadioptric lighthouse lens (b. 1788)
- 1834 – Edmond-Charles Genêt, French-American diplomat (b. 1763)
- 1850 – August Neander, German historian and theologian (b. 1789)
- 1856 – Edward Vernon Utterson, English lawyer and historian (b. 1775)
- 1876 – John Buckley, English soldier, Victoria Cross recipient (b. 1813)
- 1881 – William H. Bonney aka Billy the Kid, American gunfighter and outlaw (b. 1859 or 1860)[17]
1901–present
- 1904 – Paul Kruger, South African politician, 5th President of the South African Republic (b. 1824)
- 1907 – William Henry Perkin, English chemist and academic (b. 1838)
- 1910 – Marius Petipa, French dancer and choreographer (b. 1818)
- 1917 – Octave Lapize, French cyclist (b. 1887)[84]
- 1918 – Quentin Roosevelt, American lieutenant and pilot (b. 1897)
- 1936 – Dhan Gopal Mukerji, Indian-American author and scholar (b. 1890)
- 1937 – Julius Meier, American businessman and politician, 20th Governor of Oregon (b. 1874)
- 1939 – Alphonse Mucha, Czech painter and illustrator (b. 1860)
- 1954 – Jacinto Benavente, Spanish author and playwright, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1866)
- 1965 – Adlai Stevenson II, American soldier and politician, 5th United States Ambassador to the United Nations (b. 1900)
- 1966 – Julie Manet, French painter and art collector (b. 1878)
- 1967 – Tudor Arghezi, Romanian author and poet (b. 1880)
- 1968 – Konstantin Paustovsky, Russian author and poet (b. 1892)
- 1970 – Preston Foster, American actor (b. 1900)
- 1974 – Carl Spaatz, American World War II general; commander of the Strategic Air Forces in Europe (b. 1891)[85]
- 1980 – Carlos López Moctezuma, Mexican actor (b. 1909).[86]
- 1984 – Ernest Tidyman, American author and screenwriter; Academy Award winner for The French Connection (b. 1928)[87]
- 1986 – Raymond Loewy, French-American industrial designer (b. 1893)
- 1991 – Constance Stokes, Australian painter (b. 1906)[88]
- 1993 – Léo Ferré, Monacan singer-songwriter, pianist, and poet (b. 1916)[89]
- 1998 – Richard McDonald, American businessman, co-founded McDonald's (b. 1909)[90]
- 2000 – Pepo, Chilean cartoonist; creator of Condorito (b. 1911)[91]
- 2005 – Cicely Saunders, English hospice founder (b. 1918)[92]
- 2017 – Maryam Mirzakhani, Iranian mathematician (b. 1977)[93]
- 2020 – Rosa, Spanish-born cow on French television (b. 2001)[94]
- 2022 – Ivana Trump, Czech-American socialite and model (b. 1949)[95]
Holidays and observances
John Keble's feast day is 14 July, the anniversary of his Assize Sermon on "National Apostasy" in 1833.
- Christian feast day:
- Bastille Day (France and dependencies)[9]
- International Non-Binary People's Day[102]
- Republic Day (Iraq)[103]
- Victoria Day (Sweden). The birthday of Crown Princess Victoria is an official flag flying day in Sweden.[104]
References
- Legrand, Jacques (1989). Chronicle of the World. Eca, Publication. p. 330. ISBN 0-13-133463-8.
- Sewell, Elizabeth Missing (1876). Popular history of France from the earliest period to the death of Louis XIV. London: Longmans, Green & Co. p. 110.
- Bideleux, Robert; Jeffries, Ian (2006). A History of Eastern Europe: Crisis and Change. Abingdon: Routledge. p. 234. ISBN 978-11-34719-84-6.
- Legrand, Jacques (1989). Chronicle of the World. Eca, Publication. p. 416. ISBN 0-13-133463-8.
- Wernham, RB (1994). The Return of the Armadas: The Last Years of the Elizabethan Wars Against Spain 1595-1603. Oxford: Clarendon Press. p. 117. ISBN 978-0198204435.
- Janin, Hunt; Carlson, Ursula (2017). The Californios: A History, 1769–1890. Jefferson, North Carolina: McFarland. p. 22. ISBN 978-14-76629-46-9.
- Yenne, Bill (2004). The Missions of California. San Diego: Advantage Publishers Group. p. 40. ISBN 978-15-92233-19-9.
- "Bastille Day". Edinburgh: Encyclopaedia Britannica. Retrieved 3 October 2020.
- "La fête nationale du 14 juillet (The national holiday of July 14)". Elysée. Paris: Gouvernement France. 21 October 2015. Retrieved 3 October 2020.
- Etlin, Richard A. (1975). "Architecture and the Festival of Federation, Paris, 1790". Architectural History. London: SAHGB Publications Ltd. 18: 23–42, 102–108. doi:10.2307/1568380. JSTOR 1568380. S2CID 195026815.
- Schofield, Robert E. (2004). The Enlightened Joseph Priestley: A Study of His Life and Work from 1773 to 1804. University Park, Pennsylvania: Pennsylvania State University Press. pp. 284–285. ISBN 978-02-71024-59-2.
- "The Sedition Act of 1798". History, Art & Archives. Washington, DC: United States House of Representatives. 10 July 1798. Retrieved 3 October 2020.
- Hornborg, Eirik (1955). När riket sprängdes: fälttågen i Finland och Västerbotten, 1808-1809 (in Swedish). Stockholm: P. A. Norstedts och Söners Förlag.
- "The World's Fair in New York". New York Times. July 17, 1852. p. 2. Retrieved 3 October 2020.
- Whymper, Edward (1871). Scrambles Amongst the Alps in the Years 1860–69. London: John Murray. pp. 387–389. Retrieved 12 July 2017.
- Keyes, Jonathan J. (1997). "The Forgotten Fire". Chicago History. Chicago Historical Society. 26 (3): 52–65.
- "Billy the Kid". Edinburgh: Encyclopaedia Britannica. Retrieved 23 September 2020.
- Thompson, Larry Clinton (2009). William Scott Ament and the Boxer Rebellion: Heroism, Hubris, and the "Ideal Missionary". Jefferson, NC: McFarland. pp. 130, 138. ISBN 978-07-86453-38-2.
- <Heaney, Christopher (2011). Cradle of gold: the story of Hiram Bingham, a real-life Indiana Jones and the search for Machu Picchu. MacMillan. ISBN 978-0-230-11204-9. Retrieved 2023-08-08.
- Distefano, Giovanni (2012). Centenario del campanile di san Marco 1912–2012. Venezia: Supernova. pp. 44–45. ISBN 978-88-96220-57-3.
- "Taft Greets Atwood after Rainy Flight" (PDF). The New York Times. 15 July 1911. Retrieved 13 January 2021.
- Edwards, John Carver (2009). Orville's Aviators: Outstanding Alumni of the Wright Flying School, 1910–1916. Jefferson, North Carolina: McFarland & Co. Inc. p. 172. ISBN 978-07-86442-27-0.
- Paris, Timothy J. (2003). Britain, the Hashemites, and Arab Rule, 1920–1925: the Sherifian Solution. London: Frank Cass. p. 24. ISBN 978-07-14654-51-5.
- Miles, W. (1992) [1938]. Military Operations in France and Belgium 1916: 2 July to the End of the Battles of the Somme. History of the Great War Based on Official Documents by Direction of the Historical Section of the Committee of Imperial Defence. Vol. II (Imperial War Museum and Battery Press ed.). London: Macmillan. pp. 4–61. ISBN 978-08-98391-69-5.
- Sheffield, G. (2003). The Somme. London: Cassell. pp. 79–84. ISBN 978-03-04366-49-1.
- "Gleichschaltung – The Holocaust Explained: Designed for schools". Vienna: Wiener Holocaust Library. 14 July 1933. Retrieved 28 December 2020.
- Friedlander, Henry (1995). The Origins of Nazi Genocide: From Euthanasia to the Final Solution. Chapel Hill, North Carolina: University of Northern Carolina Press. p. 30. ISBN 978-08-07822-08-1.
- Ortega, Richard I. (April 1976). "National Register of Historic Places Inventory Nomination Form: George Washington Carver National Monument" (PDF). Jefferson City: Missouri Department of Natural Resources. pp. 1–19. Retrieved 13 January 2021.
- "Palmiro Togliatti". Encyclopaedia Britannica. Edinburgh. Retrieved 13 January 2021.
- Fehrenbach, T.R. (2001). This Kind of War: the Classic Korean War History – Fiftieth Anniversary Edition. Sterling, Virginia: Potomac Books. p. 89. ISBN 978-15-74883-34-3.
- "1951 British Grand Prix | Motorsport Database". Motorsport Database - Motor Sport Magazine. Retrieved 2021-07-14.
- Magdi, Ne'maat (25 August 2009). "راوية عطية: أول نائبة مصرية بعد الثورة" [Rawya Ateya: the First Egyptian Female Deputy After the Revolution]. Al Rai. The Parliament of Women (in Arabic). No. 11012. Kuwait: Al Rai Media. p. 7. Archived from the original on 16 July 2011. Retrieved 14 January 2021.
- Tripp, Charles (2007). A History of Iraq (3rd ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 142. ISBN 978-05-21702-47-8.
- Goodall, Jane; Peterson, Dale (2002). Beyond Innocence: An Autobiography in Letters: The Later Years. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. p. 1. ISBN 978-06-18257-34-8.
- "Accident Description". aviation-safety.net. Aviation Safety Network. Retrieved November 5, 2022.
- Ley, Willy (April 1966). "The Re-Designed Solar System". For Your Information. Galaxy Science Fiction. Vol. 24, no. 4. New York City: Doubleday. pp. 126–136.
- "Nintendo Direct 2.14.2013". Nintendo YouTube. YouTube. February 14, 2013. Archived from the original on February 15, 2013. Retrieved February 16, 2013.
- Good, Owen (July 14, 2013). "Happy 30th Birthday to Video Gaming's Most Famous Brother". Kotaku. Gizmodo Media Group. Archived from the original on March 8, 2018. Retrieved March 8, 2018.
- "Chirac escapes lone gunman's bullet". BBC News Europe. 15 July 2002. Retrieved 14 October 2010.
- Shanklin, Radford (2013). "A Rachel Carson Memorial". Chemical & Engineering News. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society. 91 (36): 8–9. ISSN 0009-2347.
- Chang, Kenneth (14 July 2015). "NASA's New Horizons Spacecraft Completes Flyby of Pluto". The New York Times. Retrieved 14 January 2021.
- Dunn, Marcia (14 July 2015). "Pluto close-up: Spacecraft makes flyby of icy, mystery world". Excite. Associated Press (AP). Retrieved 14 January 2021.
- Brown, Dwayne; Cantillo, Laurie; Buckley, Mike; Stotoff, Maria (14 July 2015). "15-149 NASA's Three-Billion-Mile Journey to Pluto Reaches Historic Encounter". Houston: NASA. Retrieved 14 January 2021.
- "France lorry attack: As it happened (all updates from start until 15 July, 21:54)". BBC. Retrieved 15 July 2016.
- "Jules, Cardinal Mazarin". Edinburgh: Encyclopaedia Britannica. Retrieved 24 September 2020.
- "Pasquier Quesnel". Edinburgh: Encyclopaedia Britannica. Retrieved 25 September 2020.
- "Oldys, William". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/20699. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
- "Douglas, John". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/7908. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
- "Arthur de Gobineau". Edinburgh: Encyclopaedia Britannica. Retrieved 18 December 2020.
- Rich, Rachel (2014). "Hill, Georgiana (1825–1903)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/106198. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
- "Florence Bascom". Edinburgh: Encyclopaedia Britannica. Retrieved 25 September 2020.
- "Gustav Klimt". Encyclopedia Britannica. Edinburgh: Encyclopaedia Britannica. Retrieved 25 September 2020.
- Brothers, Barbara; Gergits, Julia Marie (1997). British Travel Writers, 1876–1909. Detroit: Gale Research. p. 3. ISBN 978-08-10399-37-2.
- "Donald Meek Dies; Character Actor". New York Times. New York City. 19 November 1946. Retrieved 22 March 2021.
- "Luang Phibunsongkhram". Encyclopedia Britannica. Edinburgh. Retrieved 6 March 2022.
- Rubinstein, William D.; Jolles, Michael; Rubinstein, Hilary L. (2011). The Palgrave Dictionary of Anglo-Jewish History. Camden: Palgrave Macmillan. p. 281. ISBN 978-14-03939-10-4.
- Starr, Kevin (2002). The Dream Endures: California Enters the 1940s. Oxford University Press. p. 149. ISBN 978-01-95157-97-0.
- Partington, John S. (2016). The Life, Music and Thought of Woody Guthrie: A Critical Appraisal. Milton Park, Oxfordshire: Taylor & Francis Group. p. 131. ISBN 978-13-17025-44-3.
- "Gerald Ford". Edinburgh: Encyclopaedia Britannica. Retrieved 17 December 2020.
- "The Enquirer - Fredric J. Baur was designer of P&G;'s Pringles container". 2008-06-05. Archived from the original on 2008-06-05. Retrieved 2022-08-07.
- Steene, Birgitta (2005). Ingmar Bergman: A Reference Guide. Amsterdam University Press. p. 23. ISBN 978-90-53564-06-6.
- Witzel, Morgen (2005). Encyclopedia of History of American Management. Edinburgh: A. & C. Black Publishers Ltd. p. 180. ISBN 978-18-43711-31-5.
- Nagourney, Eric (2019-07-12). "Rene Favaloro, 77, a Leader In Early Heart-Bypass Surgery". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2020-12-28.
- "William Rees-Mogg". Edinburgh: Encyclopaedia Britannica. Retrieved 25 September 2020.
- "Polly Bergen". Edinburgh: Encyclopaedia Britannica. Retrieved 25 September 2020.
- Sandomir, Richard (March 17, 2003). "Jim Gordon, Top Rock Drummer With a Troubled Life, Dies at 77". The New York Times. Retrieved March 18, 2003.
- "Anna Maria Bligh". Alice Springs: Women's Museum of Australia. Retrieved 17 December 2020.
- Rose, Mike (14 July 2023). "Famous birthdays list for July 14, 2023 includes celebrities Dan Reynolds, Tommy Mottola". The Plain Dealer. Associated Press. Retrieved 14 July 2023.
- Kidjo, Angélique (13 August 2010). "Daughter of Independence". New York Times. New York City. Retrieved 22 July 2020.
- Albert, Melissa (10 July 2022). "Jane Lynch". Britannica. Retrieved 23 July 2022.
- "Jackie Earle Haley: Related Content". Britannica. Retrieved 23 July 2022.
- "Matthew Fox". Academy of Television Arts & Sciences. Retrieved 31 October 2022.
- Camerato, Jessica (14 July 2022). "The best baseball players born on July 14". Major League Baseball. Retrieved 31 October 2022.
- "Bubba Ray Dudley". Pro Fight Database. Retrieved 31 October 2022.
- "Crown Princess Victoria". Edinburgh: Encyclopaedia Britannica. Retrieved 17 December 2020.
- "Football (Sky Sports)". SkySports. Retrieved 2022-10-26.
- "Darrelle Revis". Pittsburgh Panthers. Retrieved 31 October 2022.
- Singh, Anvita (14 July 2022). "Phoebe Waller-Bridge's Fleabag: The near-perfect television show about female bond and desire". The Indian Express. Retrieved 31 October 2022.
- Westbrook, Caroline (2019-11-14). "Who is Dan Smith, is he married and are Bastille still together?". Metro UK. Retrieved 2022-09-14.
- "Adam Johnson". ESPN. Retrieved 14 July 2023.
- "Conor McGregor lands heavyweight sculpture for 30th birthday". BBC. 10 July 2018. Retrieved 31 October 2022.
- "Jeremy Stravius". Lausanne: International Olympic Committee. Retrieved 22 July 2020.
- Cheney, Christopher Robert; Jones, Michael (6 April 2000). A Handbook of Dates: For Students of British History. Cambridge University Press. p. 23. ISBN 978-0-521-77845-9.
- Mallon, Bill; Heijmans, Jeroen (9 September 2011). Historical Dictionary of Cycling. Scarecrow Press. p. 118. ISBN 978-0-8108-7369-8.
- "Carl Spaatz". Edinburgh: Encyclopaedia Britannica. Retrieved 22 July 2020.
- "Temido villano del Cine de Oro que brilló junto a María Félix tuvo una dolorosa agonía por terrible enfermedad". El Heraldo de México (in Spanish). 18 January 2022. Retrieved 2022-01-22.
- "Ernest R. Tidyman, Screen Writer, Dies At 56". New York Times. New York City. 16 July 1984. Retrieved 22 July 2020.
- Field, Caroline. Stokes, Constance (Connie) (1906–1991). Retrieved 6 April 2022.
{{cite book}}:|website=ignored (help) - "Obituary: Leo Ferre". The Independent. 18 July 1993. Retrieved 6 April 2022.
- Gilpin, Kenneth N. (16 July 1998). "Richard McDonald, 89, Fast-Food Revolutionary". New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 19 April 2021.
- "Pepo". San Francisco: Goodreads, Inc. Retrieved 22 July 2020.
- Saxon, Wolfgang (31 July 2005). "Cicely Saunders Dies at 87; Reshaped End-of-Life Care". New York Times. New York City. Retrieved 22 July 2020.
- "Maryam Mirzakhani". Edinburgh: Encyclopaedia Britannica. Retrieved 22 July 2020.
- "Intervilles' Rosa, la vachette star du de lete, est morte". Programme TV (in French). 16 July 2020. Retrieved 2023-03-12.
- Sabes, Adam (July 14, 2022). "Donald Trump's ex-wife Ivana Trump dead at 73, former president announces". Fox News. Retrieved July 15, 2022.
- Delaney, John P. (1980). Dictionary of Saints (2nd ed.). Garden City, NY: Doubleday. p. 104. ISBN 978-03-85135-94-8.
- "Chapel of the Blessed Gaspar de Bono". Valencia: Metropolitan Chapter. Retrieved 23 July 2020.
- "Saint Camillus of Lellis". Edinburgh: Encyclopaedia Britannica. Retrieved 23 July 2020.
- Delaney, John P. (1980). Dictionary of Saints (2nd ed.). Garden City, NY: Doubleday. p. 177. ISBN 978-03-85135-94-8.
- "John Keble". Edinburgh: Encyclopaedia Britannica. Retrieved 22 July 2020.
- "July 14: Feast of Samson Occom Witness to the Faith in New England". Glenview, Illinois: St. David's Episcopal Church. Retrieved 24 July 2020.
- Kacala, Alexander (14 July 2019). "International Non-Binary People's Day Celebrates Gender Non-Conforming People". New York City: Newsweek. Retrieved 13 July 2020.
- "Republic Day in Iraq in 2021". London: Office Holidays Ltd. Retrieved 24 July 2020.
- "The Crown Princess' birthday celebrations". Stockholm: Swedish Royal Court. 14 July 2013. Retrieved 22 July 2020.
External links
Wikimedia Commons has media related to July 14.
- "On This Day". BBC.
- The New York Times: On This Day
- "Historical Events on July 14". OnThisDay.com.
This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.