Fluency shaping therapy trains stutterers to speak fluently with relaxed breathing, vocal folds, and articulation (lips, jaw, and tongue).

This chapter is divided into sections:

• Motor Learning and Control

• Fluency Shaping Overview

• Fluency Shaping Techniques

• Fluency Shaping Programs

• Computers and Electronics for Fluency Shaping

• Efficacy Studies

• Beyond Fluency Shaping

• Zen in the Art of Stuttering

• Fluency Shaping Critiques—This section is for criticisms of fluency shaping therapies.

• Personal Experiences with Fluency Shaping Therapy—Add your experiences here.

History of Fluency Shaping Therapy

William Perkins and Richard Curlee developed the first fluency shaping programs. Einer Boberg (ISTAR), Bruce Ryan (Monterey Fluency Program), George Shames and Cheri Florence (Stutter-Free Speech), and Ronald Webster (Hollins) have developed other programs.

External Links:

• ISTAR
• Hollins