Od is a Unix command-line tool used to show the raw bytes of a file in various ways including hexadecimal and octal, available on many platforms.
Options
Command-line options aka switches of od:
- -b: Show bytes in octal.
- -c: Show the ASCII characters of bytes.
- -d: Show words in decimal.
- -o: Show words in octal.
- -x: Show words in hex.
Command-line options aka switches of GNU od, beyond the bare-bones od:
- -t: Display the bytes as per format string.
- And more.
Links:
- GNU Coreutils, od invocation at gnu.org
Examples
Examples of od use:
- od -x myfile
- Outputs hex, interpreting per two bytes.
- od -tx1 myfile
- In GNU od, outputs hex, interpreting per one byte. Depending on the endianness of the system, the sequence on the byte level need not be the same as with od -x.
- od -tx1z myfile
- In GNU od, as above but outputting ASCII to the right per "z".
- od -txz myfile
- In GNU od, as above, but interpreting per multiple bytes.
- od -tx8z myfile
- In GNU od, as above but interpreting per 8 bytes.
- od -tx7z myfile
- In GNU od, may return with an error, since 7 is not a byte count supported.
- od -tx16z myfile
- In GNU od, may return with an error, since 16 is not a byte count supported.
Versions
A version of GNU od for MS Windows is available from GnuWin32 project, as well as from Cygwin.
External links
- GNU Coreutils, od invocation at gnu.org
- od(1) OS X Manual Page at developer.apple.com
- Unix od(1) manual page at man.cat-v.org
- W:Od (Unix)
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