Kata keterangan (Adverbs)
Learning the Indonesian Adverbs is very important because its structure is used in every day conversation. The more you master it the more you get closer to mastering the Indonesian language. But first we need to know what the role of Adverbs is in the structure of the grammar in Indonesian.Indonesian adverbs are part of speech. Generally they're words that modify any part of language other than a noun. Adverbs can modify verbs, adjectives (including numbers), clauses, sentences and other adverbs.
Grammar Tips
While in English adverbs are usually formed by adding (-ly) to adjectives. In Indonesian many adverbs are formed this way:
pelan (slow) becomes pelan-pelan (slowly)
sempurna (perfect) becomes dengan sempurna (perfectly)
However that’s not always the case. Some words are adverbs by nature. For example:
sekarang (now), benar-benar (really), segera (soon), malam ini (tonight), cantik (pretty), hampir (almost).
Here are some examples:
- Saya membaca buku kadang-kadang
- I read a book sometimes
- Aku tidak akan pernah merokok
- I will never smoke
- Apakah kamu sendirian ?
- Are you alone?
Notice the structure of the Adverbs in Indonesian.
List of Adverbs in Indonesian
| Indonesian Adverbs | English Adverbs |
|---|---|
| Kata keterangan waktu | Adverbs of time |
| Kemarin | Yesterday |
| Hari ini | Today |
| Besok | Tomorrow |
| Sekarang | Now |
| Kemudian | Later |
| Kemudian | Then |
| Malam ini | Tonight |
| Sekarang juga | Right now |
| Tadi malam | Last night |
| Pagi ini | This morning |
| Minggu depan | Next week |
| Sudah | Already |
| Baru-baru ini | Recently |
| Akhir-akhir ini | Lately |
| Segera | Soon |
| Segera | Immediately |
| Masih | Still |
| Masih | Yet |
| Silam | Ago |
| Indonesian Adverbs | English Adverbs |
|---|---|
| Kata keterangan tempat | Adverbs of place |
| Di sini | Here |
| Sana | There |
| Di sana | Over there |
| Mana-mana | Everywhere |
| Di manupan | Anywhere |
| Tidak dimanupan | Nowhere |
| Rumah | Home |
| Jauh | Away |
| Ke luar | Out |
| Indonesian Adverbs | English Adverbs |
|---|---|
| Adverbia ragam | Adverbs of manner |
| Sangat | Very |
| Agak | Quite |
| Cantik | Pretty |
| Benar-benar | Really |
| Cepat | Fast |
| Baik | Well |
| Keras | Hard |
| Segera | Quickly |
| Pelan-pelan | Slowly |
| Hati-hati | Carefully |
| Tidak | Hardly |
| Baru saja | Barely |
| Kebanyakan | Mostly |
| Hampir | Almost |
| Sama sekali | Absolutely |
| Bersama | Together |
| Sendirian | Alone |
| Indonesian Adverbs | English Adverbs |
|---|---|
| Adverbia frekuensi | Adverbs of frequency |
| Selalu | Always |
| Sering | Frequently |
| Biasanya | Usually |
| Kadang-kadang | Sometimes |
| Kadang-kadang | Occasionally |
| Jarang | Seldom |
| Jarang | Rarely |
| Tak pernah | Never |