Transformer

A transformer is an electronic component that has the capability to increase, decrease or buffer voltage

Construction

Transformer is constructed from two coils wounded on two sides of a square

${\displaystyle {\frac {V_{o}}{V_{i}}}={\frac {N_{2}}{N_{1}}}}$

Operation

From above,

${\displaystyle V_{o}=V_{i}{\frac {N_{2}}{N_{1}}}}$

Step Up Voltage

${\displaystyle V_{o}>V_{i}}$ when ${\displaystyle N_{2}>N_{1}}$

Step Down Voltage

${\displaystyle V_{o}<V_{i}}$ when ${\displaystyle N_{2}<N_{1}}$

Buffer

${\displaystyle V_{o}=V_{i}}$ when ${\displaystyle N_{2}=N_{1}}$

Reference

• Transformer