Convex Analysis/Convex sets and convex functions

Definition (Let $V$ be a vector space and $f:V\to [-\infty ,\infty ]$ be a function. $f$ is called convex if and only if for all $v,w\in V$ and $t\in [0,1]$ the following identity holds:

f(tv+(1-t)w)\leq tf(v)+(1-t)f(v)

):

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Intuitively, this means if two points $v,w\in V$ are given, then the line connecting $(v,f(v))$ to $(w,f(w))$ lies above the path $t\mapsto (tv+(1-t)w,f(tv+(1-t)w))$ .

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