< Chinese (Mandarin)
'偏旁,又称部首,是合体字的结构单位。早先把合体字的左边称「偏」,右边称「旁」;后来把合体字的结构部分统称为「偏旁」。比如位于合体字的左面,称「左偏旁」;右面,则称「右偏旁」。

The word for radical in Chinese is 部首. This term is often conflated with 偏旁 (piānpáng), or simply 旁 (páng). A radical, or component of a character, usually indicates its meaning. 水 (shuǐ; water) with a 冫 becomes 冰 (bīng, ice). The 冫 hints that the character pertains to ice, like the "glaci-" in glacier. Radicals may also be used to differentiate characters that sound alike. 东 (dōng; east, owner) with a 冫 becomes 冻 (dòng; to freeze, jelly). Radicals, like characters, sometimes suggest their meaning by their appearance, for example, the 亻 in 他 (tā; him) is a compressed 人, and the 氵 in 江 (jiāng; river) looks like three water droplets. Radicals reduce the amount of memorization needed, be it for the language's ancient inventors or for you. In Chinese, the large number of homophones and rhyming words make this scheme possible. A character can have multiple radicals, for example, 捌 (bā; eight, see Numbers). Traditionally, the left part of composite characters was referred to as “piān” and the right side referred to as “páng.” Now, all parts of compound characters are generally referred to as “piānpáng.” For example, the left part of a compound character is referred to as 左偏旁 (zuǒ piānpáng), and the right side as 右偏旁 (yòu piānpáng).

Names of Radicals 中文偏旁的名称

The radicals, strokes, and Chinese character components found in Chinese characters often have different names in the different dialects of Chinese. For Standard Mandarin Chinese in Mainland China, one of the most authoritative listings of the names of Chinese character components is found in Specification of Common Modern Chinese Character Components and Component Names (现代汉语常用字部件及部件名称规范). In addition, the appendices of Xiandai Hanyu Cidian (现代汉语词典) and Xiandai Hanyu Guifan Cidian (现代汉语规范词典) include lists of some of the frequently occurring radicals and other components.

一笔画 One Stroke

偏旁 Part名称 Name拼音 Pinyin例子 Ex.
Héng丁、丝、上
Shù中、丰、串
竖钩Shù gōu事、予
丿Piě九、乍、乃
Zhé买、予、乜
竖弯钩Shù​ wān​ gōu乜、也、乱
.Diǎn以、义、主

二笔画 Two Strokes

偏旁 Part名称 Name拼音 Pinyin例子 Ex.
包字头bāozìtóu勺、勾、匀
两点水liǎngdiǎnshuǐ冰、习、净
卜字旁Bǔ zì páng卡、卤、卧
偏厦Piān shà厕、原、厚
立刀旁lìdāopáng刬、刘、判
三框栏Sān kuàng lán匠、匹、区
双耳旁
双耳刀
左耳刀
右耳刀
Shuāng ěr páng
Shuāng ěr dāo
Zuǒ ěr dāo
Yòu ěr dāo
阞、队、阡
邓、邗、邘
单耳旁dān'ěrpáng卫、卬、卮
同字框tóngzìkuàng冃、内、冈
秃宝盖tūbǎogài冗、冘、写
凶字框xiōngzìkuàng凶、凹、凸
单人旁dānrénpáng亿、什、仁
私字Sī zì厾、去、厹
京字頭/京字头、
文字头
jīngzìtóu
Wénzì tóu
亡、交、亢
言/讠言字旁yánzìpáng计、订、讣
建之旁jiànzhīpáng延、廷、廸

三笔画 Three Strokes

偏旁 Part名称 Name拼音 Pinyin例子 Ex.
草字頭/草字头cǎozìtóu艺、艻、艾
出字头Chū zì tóu屯、屰
雙人旁/双人旁shuāngrénpáng彴、彷、彸
三拐sānguǎi巠、巢、巤
走之儿
走之底
zǒuzhī er
Zǒu zhī dǐ
边,辽、巡
弄字底nòngzìdǐ开、弁、异
广廣字旁/广字旁
广字头
guǎngzìpáng
Guǎng zì tóu
庀、庄、庆
寶蓋/宝盖
宝盖头
bǎogài
Bǎo gài tóu
宁、它、宄
反犬旁、
犬犹
fǎnquǎnpáng
quǎnyóu
犯、犰、犴
三撇sānpiě形、彤、彦
飠/饣食字旁shízìpáng饥、饧、饨
提手旁、
剔手旁
tíshǒupáng
Tī shǒu páng
扎、扐、扑
三点水Sān diǎn shuǐ氿、汀、汁
糹/纟絞絲旁/绞丝旁、
亂絞絲/乱绞丝
jiǎosīpáng
luànjiǎosī
纠、纡、红
提土旁、
剔土旁
títǔpáng
Tī tǔ páng
圢、圣、圥
豎心旁/竖心旁、
豎心/竖心
shùxīnpáng
shùxīn
忆、忉、忋
尤字旁yóuzìpáng尤、尥、尨
折文zhéwén处、夆、备
子字旁zǐzìpáng孔、孕、孖
爿/丬將字旁/将字旁jiāngzìpáng壮、状、将
國字框/国字框、
方框、
方匡
guózìkuàng
fāngkuàng
Fāng kuāng
囚、四、囝
门字旁Mén zì páng闩、闪、闫
横山héngshān雪、灵、彗

四笔画 Four Strokes

偏旁 Part名称 Name拼音 Pinyin例子 Ex.
四点底、
四点
sìdiǎndǐ
Sì diǎn
炁、炰、点
火字旁huǒzìpáng灭、灯、灰
示字旁、
示補/示补
shìzìpáng
shìbǔ
礼、礽、社
王字旁、
斜玉旁
wángzìpáng
xiéyùpáng
玉、玊、玍
木字旁mùzìpáng未、末、本
牛字旁、
剔牛
niúzìpáng
Tī niú
牝、牠、牡
月字旁Yuè zì páng明,期

五笔画 Five Strokes

偏旁 Part名称 Name拼音 Pinyin例子 Ex.
病字旁、
病旁、
病字頭/病字头
bìngzìpáng
bìngpáng
bìngzìtóu
疓、疔、疕
衣字旁、
衣補/衣补
yīzìpáng
yībǔ
初、补、衦
𡗗春字頭/春字头chūnzìtóu奉、奏、秦
四字頭/四字头、
扁四頭/扁四头
sìzìtóu
biǎnsìtóu
罗、罘、罚
皿字底、
皿墩
mǐnzìdǐ,
mǐndūn
盂、盃、盅
釒/钅金字旁jīnzìpáng钆、钇、针
禾木旁hémùpáng禿、秀、私
登字頭/登字头dēngzìtóu癸、発、登

六笔画 Six Strokes

偏旁 Part名称 Name拼音 Pinyin例子 Ex.
米字旁mǐzìpáng籴、娄、籸
虎字頭/虎字头hǔzìtóu虎、虏、虐
竹字頭/竹字头zhúzìtóu竺、笃、竼

七笔画 Seven Strokes

偏旁 Part名称 Name拼音 Pinyin例子 Ex.
足字旁zúzìpáng趴、趵、趷
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